‘THE SAGE’-Klein’s Online Newsletter—NOVEMBER 2021
Klein’s Floral & Greenhouses
608/244-5661 or info@kleinsfloral.com
THIS MONTH’S HIGHLIGHTS:
Holiday Decorating With Fresh Greenery
Our ‘Mad Gardener’ and ‘Houseplant Help‘ Are Ready for Your Questions
It’s the Perfect Time To Have Your Garden Soil Tested
8 Healthy Benefits of Indoor Plants, According to Horticulture Experts
Plant Your Spring Bulbs Into Early December
Klein’s Favorite Seed, Bulb & Plant Sources
You Asked about Positioning a Norfolk Pine
Plant of the Month: Norfolk Island Pine
Klein’s Favorite Wild Rice Recipes
Product Spotlight: New Cacti and Succulents Direct from Florida
Notes from Rick’s Garden Journal—From October 2021
—October
—Surefire Tips for Overwintering Elephant’s Ears
—Rabbit Proofing the Garden
November in the Garden: A Planner
Gardening Events Around Town
Join Us on Twitter
Follow Us on Facebook
KLEIN’S 2021 HOLIDAY OPEN HOUSE is Saturday, November 20 and Sunday, November 21. Enter a winter wonderland filled with our homegrown poinsettias, holiday plants and gift ideas. Let us inspire you with our extensive collection of gift ideas and ornaments for all your decorating needs.
On Friday, November 19 from 3:00-7:00 join us for our HOLIDAY SNEAK PEEK. Customers will be given a bag upon arrival and all items that can fit in the bag will be 20% off the marked price. Exclusions include: Old World Christmas ornaments, fresh evergreens (boughs, wreaths, roping, winter pots), natural & preserved branches, amaryllis and paperwhites, service fees, gift cards and prior purchases. Any single item must fit comfortably in the bag and cannot top the bag by more than 6 inches. Limited to 1 bag per customer for the evening and go to customers 16 and up.
Enlighten your senses as you step into our warm and cozy greenhouses. The serene beauty of being in the greenhouses after dark is a truly unique experience. Surround yourself with the sights, sounds and smells of the holidays!
SHOP FOR YOUR SPRING BULBS WHILE SUPPLIES LAST
November is a perfect time to plant your spring bulbs and nothing could be more uplifting after a long winter than bulbs popping through the melting snow. Allow the Klein’s staff to share planting tips and ideas to keep those pesky squirrels from digging up those newly planted bulbs. And for indoor blooms, don’t forget a few hyacinths, paperwhites and amaryllis for indoor forcing. We carry a lovely assortment of forcing glasses, vases and decorative pottery. Forced bulbs make for an inexpensive and treasured holiday gift. Any bulb questions? Don’t forget our Mad Gardener @ madgardener@kleinsfloral.com!
A Reminder: Bulbs can be planted until the ground freezes . . . usually into early December.
THE MAD GARDENER
“Madison’s Firsthand Source for Expert Gardening Advice”
Ask any of your gardening questions by e-mailing them to us at madgardener@kleinsfloral.com. Klein’s in-house Mad Gardener will e-mail you with an answer as promptly as we can. We’ve also posted a link on our home page and in our contacts for your convenience. Your question might then appear in the “You Asked” feature of our monthly newsletter. If your question is the one selected for our monthly newsletter, you’ll receive a small gift from us at Klein’s.
Sorry, we can only answer those questions pertaining to gardening in Southern Wisconsin and we reserve the right to leave correspondence unanswered at our discretion. Please allow 2-3 days for a response.
KLEIN’S ‘HOUSEPLANT HELP’
You can contact Klein’s in-house indoor plant experts by emailing to Houseplant Help for sound information and advice regarding indoor tropicals, succulents, blooming plants and so much more.
For many years, customers’ indoor plant questions have been directed to Klein’s Mad Gardener (see below). Now you have the opportunity to contact our indoor plant experts directly. We’ve posted a link on our home page and in our contacts for your convenience. Your question might then appear in the “You Asked” feature of our monthly newsletter. If your question is the one selected for our monthly newsletter, you’ll receive a small gift from us at Klein’s.
We reserve the right to leave correspondence unanswered at our discretion. Please allow 2-3 days for a response.
NOVEMBER STORE HOURS:
Monday thru Friday : 9:00-6:00
Saturday: 9:00-5:00
Sunday: 10:00-4:00
CALENDAR OF EVENTS:
November 2—Día de los Muertos
November 3–Election Day (National)
November 7–Daylight Savings Time ends
November 11–Veterans’ Day
November 19–Full Moon
November 19—Holiday Open House Sneak Peek (3:00-7:00)
November 20 & 21—KLEIN’S HOLIDAY OPEN HOUSE. Enter a winter wonderland filled with holiday plants and gift ideas. Let us inspire you with our extensive collection of gift ideas and ornaments for all your decorating needs. Visit our website closer to the event for more details.
November 25–Thanksgiving Day (Store Closed)
November 26—Black Friday. Escape to Klein’s from the hustle and bustle of the malls and big box chain stores for a more relaxing and intimate holiday gift shopping experience. We not only carry merchandise for the gardener in your life, but many fun, interesting and unique gift ideas.
November 27—Small Business Saturday. In our appreciation for supporting our small and local business, Klein’s will give you a $20 gift card on future purchases (January 1-March 31) for all purchases of $100 or more.
November 28—Hanukkah Begins
‘THE FLOWER SHOPPE’:
For sheer selection of holiday greens for your decorating needs (and arriving early to mid-month), Klein’s should be your one and only choice. Klein’s will be offering greenery from no less than a half dozen different suppliers from throughout Wisconsin and covering all types of greenery, quality and price ranges. We have it all; pine boughs, spruce tips, kissing balls, door swags, wreaths, roping and decorative branches (dogwood, willow, winterberry etc.). Our wreath choices range from the simple to the elegant and sophisticated with everything in between. Choose from dozens of outdoor holiday ribbon–cut to measure–for creating the perfect bow to suit any decor.
Holiday Decorating With Fresh Greenery
By Karen Russ, HGIC Horticulture Specialist; George D. Kessler, Extension Forester; and Bob Polomski Extension Consumer Horticulturist, Clemson University.
Decorating the house with fresh greenery is one of the oldest winter holiday traditions. Evergreens have been a part of winter festivals since ancient times. Evergreens are used to represent everlasting life and hope for the return of spring.
Southerners have been decorating with greenery since colonial days, although the custom was not common in the Northern United States until the 1800s. Churches were decorated elaborately with garlands of holly, ivy, mountain laurel and mistletoe hung from the roof, the walls, the pews, pulpit and sometimes the altar. Lavender, rose petals and herbs such as rosemary and bay were scattered for scent. Homes were decorated in a simpler fashion with greenery and boughs in the window frames and holly sprigs stuck to the glass with wax.
Today, decorating for the holidays with fresh greenery is more prevalent than ever. Greenery such as cedar, ivy, pine and holly add a fresh look and natural scent to our homes.
Gathering Greenery
The first and often the best place to look for holiday greenery may be in your own landscape. Greenery gathered from your own garden will be fresher than any that you can buy. You may also have a variety of unusual greenery that would be difficult to find for purchase.
When gathering live greenery from your shrubs and trees, remember that you are actually pruning the plants. Consider carefully which branches to cut and which ones to leave. Distribute the cuts evenly around the plant in order to preserve its natural form.
Many different kinds of greenery can be used for holiday decorations. Pines, firs and cedars are good to use for indoor decoration since they dry out slowly and hold their needles best at warm interior temperatures. They may last for several weeks if properly treated and cared for. Hemlock, spruces and most broadleaf evergreens will last longer if used outdoors.
Decorating Safely
Dried evergreens can become flammable when in contact with a heat source such as a candle flame. Make sure that any wreaths, roping and garlands that you bring indoors are as fresh as possible. Check needles by bending them. They should be flexible and not break. Avoid greenery that are shedding or that have brown, dry tips.
Before bringing the greenery inside, soak them in water overnight to rehydrate them.
Never place fresh greenery near heat sources, such as space heaters, heater vents or sunny windows. Be careful of wreaths used on the front door, if there is a glass outer door that receives direct sunlight. Keep greenery away from candles and fireplaces. If you use lights near your green arrangements, make sure that they stay cool, and if outside, that they are rated for exterior use.
Check your decorations every couple of days for freshness. If greenery are becoming dry, either replace or remove the dry portions. Make sure to discard dry greenery away from the house or garage to prevent a further fire hazard.
Safety for Children & Pets
Some popular plants used in holiday decorating can present poisoning hazards for small children or pets. Poisonous berries are found on holly plants, yews, mistletoe, ivy plants, Jerusalem cherry, bittersweet and crown of thorns. The pearly white berries of mistletoe are particularly toxic. Keep all these plants out of the reach of children and curious pets.
Keeping Greenery Fresh
–Use clean, sharp cutters to cut branches and immediately put cut ends into water until ready to use.
–Crush the ends of woody stems to allow the cutting to take in more water.
–Keep greenery out of sunlight.
–Immerse greenery in water overnight before arranging. This allows the cuttings to absorb the maximum amount of moisture.
–Allow the foliage to dry and then spray it with an anti-transpirant, such as Wilt-pruf, to help seal in moisture. Note: Do not use anti-transpirants on juniper berries, cedar or blue spruce. The product can damage the wax coating that gives these plants their distinctive color.
–Keep completed wreaths, garlands and arrangements in a cool location until use.
–Display fresh greenery and fruits out of the sun and away from heat.
–Plan to replace greenery and fruits throughout the holiday season if they become less than fresh.
Decorating With Greens
Many different types of decorations can be made with fresh greenery. Some traditional types are garlands, swags and wreaths. A number of different types of forms can be stuffed with sprigs or branches to create topiaries. Kissing balls are an unusual alternative to the usual mistletoe sprig.
A variety of wreaths and garlands are readily available commercially. Undecorated ones can be dressed up with contrasting live greenery from the yard for a personal look.
In addition to the more commonly used evergreens, consider using other plant parts such as berries, dried flowers, cones and seed pods to give color and texture interest. Some possibilities include:
–Acorns
–Bittersweet
–Holly berries
–Hydrangea blossoms
–Lotus seed pods
–Magnolia pods
–Mistletoe
–Nandina berries
–Pecans
–Pine cones
–Pyracantha
–Reindeer moss
–Rose hips
–Sweet gum balls
–Wax myrtle berries
–Fruits such as lemons, limes, lady apples, seckel pears, kumquats and pineapple.
Preserved leaves such as ivies, mahonia, eucalyptus, boxwood, beech, camellia, oak and rhododendron are useful and long-lasting as holiday decorations.
Source material from: www.clemson.edu/
YOU ASKED. . .
I am interested in Norfolk pine trees. However, I only have northwest and east facing windows which do not get a lot of light. Is it possible to maintain a Norfolk pine in this environment? Allison
Hi Allison,
A Norfolk would be fine if placed directly in front of those windows (or at least as close as possible) and rotated monthly.
In less than ideal light conditions, I use supplemental LED lighting set on a timer. It’s not only beautiful, but very effective. I bring a number of large houseplants back indoors each fall and I have a lot of low light corners (plus the days are short). I use canister spotlights on the floor to backlight plants up the wall behind the plants. The effect is very dramatic. They are timed from 3:00 until midnight from November through April. If it works better for you, you could use ceiling spotlights or track lighting instead. There are tons of options nowadays. There’s no need to use a grow light. LED lights are adequate.
Thanks for your question,
DID YOU KNOW. . .
. . . that now would be the perfect time of the year to have your garden soil tested?
It’s a great time to do soil testing now for the vegetable garden as well as perennial and annual beds, turf areas, and areas where you grow fruit.
Fall is less busy at the lab than spring, so it’s a good time to send a sample in. Also, a test will tell you if you should add compost this fall for next spring’s vegetable garden.
Samples should be mailed to the UW Soils Lab in Marshfield, along with a form that tells the lab what type of plants you are growing so they can customize their recommendations for the needs of those plants.
Go to uwlab.soils.wisc.edu/ for the form, information on how to collect samples and the address to send samples for analysis. You can also call them at (715) 387-2523 for a printed copy of the form and a soil test bag if you don’t have internet access. Soil testing is important for new gardens so you have base-line information for fertilizer application. It is also important for beds that haven’t been tested for a while.
The University of Wisconsin Soils Lab’s standard soil test costs $15 and the report includes information on your soil pH, (this is a measure of the acidity and alkalinity of your soil) percent organic matter, phosphorus and potassium levels and also includes a lime or sulfur recommendation if needed, fertilizer recommendations and other environmental tips.
— Lisa Johnson, Dane County UW-Extension horticulture educator
Source: madison.com
PRODUCT SPOTLIGHT—Each month we spotlight some product that we already carry or one that we’ve taken note of and plan to carry in the near future. Likewise, if you would like to see Klein’s to carry a product that we don’t currently, please let us know. Our goal is to be responsive to the marketplace and to our loyal clientele. If a product fits into our profile, we will make every effort to get it into our store. In addition, we may be able to special order an item for you, whether plant or hard good, given enough time.
Cacti and Succulents Direct from Florida…
New to Klein’s this fall, comes an extensive collection of large-sized cactus and selected succulents from a new source in Florida.
After years of searching and after many requests from customers, Klein’s recently found a reliable source for a large selection of cacti and succulents. Though still subject to seasonal supply and availability, Klein’s hopes to to receive future shipments from this new-to-us succulent wholesaler. Product arrived to us punctually, very healthy and in beautiful condition. The selection within the assorted cactus mixes is far broader than anything available to us from our regular suppliers; along with Madagascar palms, desert rose and so much more. Shop early while supplies last!
From our supplier’s website…
“Cactus and Succulents are not a Hobby—Its our Life”
We are one of the Largest in house producer of cacti and succulents anywhere in the US. We have over 2 million cacti in many stages. We, unlike others companies, are not dependent on suppliers for product. This company is almost entirely self sufficient, due to the fact that we are the growers.
NOTES FROM MY GARDEN JOURNAL–Tips and Observations from My Own Garden by Rick Halbach
ENTRY: OCTOBER 1, 2021 (October)
October
“As long as autumn lasts,
I shall not have hands, canvas, and colors enough
to paint the beautiful things I see.”
—Vincent van Gogh
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ENTRY: OCTOBER 26, 2021 (Surefire Tips for Overwintering Elephant’s Ears)
With our first hard freeze coming next week, my elephant’s ears will be ready to be dug from the ground and put into storage.
One of the most often asked questions by customers and coworkers alike is how to best overwinter their elephant’s ears. There are several options (and opinions) and much depends on the type of elephant’s ear (colocasia vs. alocasia) and the environment in which they will be stored–a cool basement, a warm basement, in the house, at a greenhouse, etc.
Though both are called elephant’s ears, alocasias and colocasias are very different plants and usually grow in somewhat different conditions. As a rule, alocasias tend to grow more upright, make better houseplants, tend to enjoy more shade and are better overwintered actively growing (or semi-dormant), rather than allowed to go completely dormant. Colocasias, on the other hand, are actually a type of bulb called ‘corms’ (as are crocus) and can be allowed to go completely dormant. Most are tolerant of full sun outdoors here in northern gardens.
Having said all of that, there is a lot of cross over in how the plants are treated based on individual varieties. For example, we’re finding that some of the newer and showier varieties of colocasias (i.e. Elena, Mojito, Lime-aide, Black Coral) overwinter best if allowed to actively grow in a semi-warm environment. If allowed to go completely dormant, they seem to deteriorate through the years and the bulbs rot more easily than the species when kept a little too moist. We recommend removing unsightly or overly large foliage before bringing indoors and placing them in a bright and semi-warm spot. They will need to be tidied throughout the winter. Leaves will show brown tips due to low humidity causing no harm to the plants.
Vice versa, some alocasias can go fully dormant and be stored overwinter like colocasias (Calidora for example). For the most part, we tell our customers to cut back their alocasias to a manageable size and move them indoors to a warm spot where they get good light and can be treated as houseplants during the winter months.
Here are my tips for overwintering old-fashioned, common elephant’s ears (Colocasia esculenta). These are the bulbs one finds in bulk in late winter and early spring. They are also known as taro root and used in the Hawaiian dish, poi.
Overwintering Old-fashioned Elephant’s Ears (Colocasia esculenta)
Allow to freeze off in the garden or if in a pot, allow to dry completely in a garage.
For plants grown in the ground, dig the large, tuberous roots and allow to “cure” a few weeks in the garage, removing any rotted or soft portions. The curing process is the same as with potatoes or onions. After a few weeks, place the bulbs in dry peat moss in a large container of choice. A pail or muck bucket works perfectly. Store dry in the warm part of your basement. They can be stored cool, but there is no need.
For plants grown in containers, simply move your container to the basement once the pot has completely dried out. Remove all foliage. Again, store dry.
THEN–the key to success with elephant’s ears is jump-starting them early enough for next season, something often overlooked. In late January, begin watering your stored plants as normal. New growth will appear in about 2 months–sometimes longer! By starting your plants early, you’ll be rewarded with larger plants much earlier next summer. By the time you place your stored tubers in the garden in late May, your first leaves will already be 2-3’ tall.
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ENTRY: OCTOBER 30, 2021 (Rabbit Proofing the Garden)
Wow!! What a beautiful and extended summer/fall we’ve had, with temperature consistently in the 70’s until last week!! But a change is a comin’ next week with highs forecast in the 40’s and nighttime lows in the 20’s. It’s time to put the garden to rest for 2021. One of my last fall gardening tasks of the season is to put the rabbit protection around some of my valuable garden shrubs and small trees. Experience has taught me the importance of this autumnal garden task.
As many local gardeners know, las winter was a particularly harsh one. The weather was not only brutally cold late in the season, but also quite snowy. The weather wreaked havoc on many usually hardy garden plants; from perennials to rose bushes. In addition to the weather, rabbits played an equally damaging role in the garden. The cold and snow made foraging for food difficult for them and with the high rabbit populations in the previous years, competition or food was fierce.
Each fall, after all garden chores have been completed and before the ground freezes, I place a chicken wire fence around all potential rabbit victims—I was up to about 45 individual shrubs, trees and vines last winter. However, the task is not as daunting as it sounds and well worth the time to avoid heartbreak come spring.
For the most part I use 3-4’ wide chicken wire. It’s important to protect the trunks and branches high enough in case of deep snows. Rabbits standing up on their back feet (and desperate) can easily reach 2 or more feet in their quest for food. I choose chicken wire over other types of hardware cloth because it’s inexpensive (available in huge rolls @ home improvement stores), nearly invisible, and easy to work with. I use a tin snips to cut my lengths of chicken wire in much the same way one uses scissors to cut fabric.
Before I begin circling the plant with the chicken wire, i gently pull the branches together where necessary and secure them in that position with a bungie cord or twine. By doing so, I’m decreasing the amount of chicken wire per plant that I’ll need. Once made narrower, I measure and cut the chicken wire to make a complete circle around the plant, leaving sufficient space between the wire and the plant when possible. I complete the circle of chicken wire by wiring together the frayed ends or with twist ties if needed.
To secure the ring of chicken wire to the ground, I use 3-4 bamboo stakes per plant and weave the stake though the chicken wire a few times before pushing it into the ground. Many sources recommend garden staples just at the base, but I find doing that alone leaves the fencing with little support higher up making it very easy for the bunnies to push the chicken wire against the plant and achieve their goal. The 3 or 4 bamboo stakes makes for a rather sturdy fence.
In the springtime (usually early to mid-April), I simply pull the stakes, slip the fences up and over the plants and then flatten and stack my rings of chicken wire for the next season; leaving the rings fully in tact. Because they’re flattened, my 45 rings of chicken wire create a stack no taller than 2’ tall for easy storage. The next fall, I slip the already form ring over another plant that fits it; creating new rings as the plants grow larger.
Though the chicken wire is adequate for rabbit protection, the holes are too large to protect plants from voles and smaller rodents. Where those animals are a problem, a finer meshed hardware cloth may be needed.
KLEIN’S RECIPES OF THE MONTH—These are a selection of relatively simple recipes chosen by our staff. New recipes appear monthly. Enjoy!!
Wild Rice is the grain of a reed-like aquatic plant (Zizania palustris), which is unrelated to rice. It is grown in the United States and also in Canada. The grains are long, slender and black, with a distinctive earthy, nutty flavor. It is available in three different grades, giant, which is a very long grain and the best quality, fancy, which is a medium grain and of lesser quality and select, which is a short grain. Wild Rice is an annual grass which grows naturally in many Northern Minnesota and Wisconsin lakes. The Chippewa word for grain of berry is “min.” The word “mano”, meaning good, makes “manomin” (good berry). Wild rice was known by this name “manomin” to the Chippewas and to most of the early white explorers and settlers of the Upper Mississippi Valley. Throughout the years, there have been 60 popular names identified for wild rice. English terms were numerous but the most commonly accepted name became wild rice. By whatever name, many of the Indigenous Peoples of North America consider the “wild” varieties of lake and river wild rice to be “A Gift from the Great Spirit…the Creator Himself”, spiritually sacred and therefore distinct from the “cultivated” or “farm grown” varieties. Today, the “wild” varieties and the “cultivated” or “farm grown” varieties of wild rice remain an especially important crop for both lake and river producers and modern day farmers.
“Manomin” gave its name to the moon (month) of harvest, which is typically the end of August to early September in northern Minnesota. Harvest time can be fun, but a lot of hard work is involved, especially processing the grain on the spot, even with some modern aids. This native grass has a very large, erect, branched inflorescence which produces edible grains. Wild-rice usually grows in water and is often planted as wildlife food. “Manomin” grows as reeds that are anywhere from 8-12 ft. tall. They grow in water that is about 3-8 feet deep in Wisconsin, Minnesota, and marshes north of the Great Lakes. There are thousands of different varieties, each kind growing in its own particular place of depth, temperature, mud, water quality. Wild rice is very sensitive to the environmental conditions of its niche. The plants do not like changes; the species are perfectly adapted to the way things are in different areas, including seasonal water levels, quality, temperature.
Wild rice will keep indefinitely, if it is kept in a cool dry place in a covered jar or left in original bag. Cooked, leftover wild rice can be keep refrigerated up to one week; however, it is recommended that you use it up within two or three days. After one week left over wild rice can be frozen. Source: www.mooselakewildrice.com
The following are some of our very favorite wild rice recipes. Enjoy!
WILD RICE AND MUSHROOM SOUP–This longtime favorite comes from a St. Albert the Great Catholic Church (Sun Prairie) cookbook published in 1996. This hearty soup is a meal in itself!
3 cups water
1/2 cup chopped onion
1/4 cup butter
2 TBS. flour
1-2 cups sliced mushrooms
1 cup chopped celery
1 cup sliced carrots
1 cup half and half
2 cups vegetable broth
1 cup raw wild rice, cooked
1 tsp. salt
1/2 tsp. pepper
1/4 cup parmesan
a little sherry to taste (optional)
Cook the rice per package instructions. Melt the butter in a large saucepan. Add the onion and sauté until tender. Stir in the flour, salt and pepper and cook, stirring constantly until thickened. Gradually stir in the water and bring to a boil. Cook, stirring 1 minute more. Add the mushrooms, celery, carrots and cooked rice. Reduce the heat and simmer 30 minutes or until the veggies are tender. Add the half and half, parmesan and sherry and slowly heat through. Serves 6.
WILD RICE WITH CRANBERRIES AND CASHEWS–A wonderfully refreshing recipe from Channel3000.com.
1 1/4 cups raw wild rice
1 cup dried cranberries
1 cup chopped green onion
1 cup coarse chopped cashews (or almonds or nut of choice)
Dressing:
1/4 cup white wine vinegar
1/2 tsp. dried thyme
1/2 tsp. dried rosemary
2 TBS. honey
1/3 cup olive oil
salt and pepper to taste
Cook the rice per package instructions. Drain well. In a large bowl combine the rice, cranberries and onions. Whisk together the dressing ingredients. Pour over the rice mix and toss. Cover and chill. When ready to serve, toss in the reserved nuts. Serves 10.
WILD RICE SALAD–The following appeared in the Sunday newspaper’s Parade section a number of years back.
1 cup raw wild rice
4 cups chicken broth
3 TBS. olive oil
1 1/2 cups chopped sweet bell pepper
3/4 cups cashews, coarsely chopped
1/4 cup chopped onion
Dressing:
3 TBS. rice or cider vinegar
2 TBS. olive oil
1 TBS. sesame oil
1 clove minced garlic
1/4 tsp. salt
a dash of pepper
Bring the rice and broth to a boil in a saucepan. Reduce the heat, cover and simmer 45-50 minutes until the rice is tender. Drain any excess liquid and set aside. In a skillet, heat 3 TBS. oil on medium high and sauté the peppers and onions until tender. Add the cashews and continue cooking until the nuts start to brown. Set aside to cool a bit. In a bowl, toss together the rice and pepper mix. Whisk together the dressing ingredients and toss with the salad ingredients. Cover and chill at least two hours before serving. Serves 6.
WILD RICE SOUP–An amazingly easy recipe from the Wisconsin State Journal.
4 TBS. butter
2 TBS. minced green onion
1/2 cup flour
8 cups chicken or vegetable broth
6 cups cooked wild rice (canned, cooked wild rice is a quick alternative)
1 tsp.salt
2 cups half and half
4 TBS. sherry
optional 1/4 cup minced fresh parsley and/or toasted slivered almonds
Melt the butter in a pot and sauté the onion. Blend in the flour and gradually add the broth. Cook and stir until thickened. Stir in the cooked rice and salt. Bring to a simmer and simmer 5 minutes. Stir in the half and half and the sherry. Gradually heat through but do not allow to boil. Garnish bowls with parsley and almonds. Makes 14 cups.
NATURAL NEWS–
8 Healthy Benefits of Indoor Plants, According to Horticulture Experts
By Kaitlynn Pirie
Plants are kind of having a moment right now. Take one quick scroll through Instagram and you’ll see beautiful interiors covered in leafy vines, hanging plants, spunky succulents, and trees that liven up every corner of a room.
And there’s a reason why everyone is so obsessed with greenery: Indoor plants improve your mental and physical well-being in ways you probably didn’t even realize. Ever wonder why you feel like you can breathe easier, focus better, and simply be happier in a room full of nature? Well, turns out these perks have existed long before our seemingly newfound appreciation for lush spaces. Here, horticulture experts explain how houseplants improve our everyday lives, from boosting our environment to helping us heal faster.
1. You’ll breathe better air.
Research shows that indoor plants help rid the air of common toxins and indoor pollutants such as formaldehyde and benzene. In fact, one study found that the bromeliad plant removed more than 80 percent of six volatile organic compounds (out of eight studied) in a 12-hour period, while the dracaena plant removed 94 percent of acetone (the pungent compound in many nail polish removers).
“The air purification ability of plants depends on factors such as size of the plant, size of the indoor space, and amount of toxins in the air, but 6 to 8 medium to large plants throughout a large room should be enough to make a noticeable difference in the air quality,” says Gary L. Altman, CRC, HTR, associate director of the Horticultural Therapy Program at Rutgers. “To help plants perform their best, keep leaves clean and free of dust, and periodically take them outdoors to receive natural sunlight so that they can ‘recharge.’”
2. They make any room more comfortable.
Not only do indoor plants add color and liveliness to your space, but they also change physical aspects of the environment in pleasant ways. “Plants can be used to increase the relative humidity indoors, reduce noise, screen unattractive areas, and moderate room temperature by shading a bright, sunny window,” says Altman. Before you fill a space with furniture and accessories, take some time to think about how you want to feel in that room and how plants might help you achieve that vibe.
3….And even boost your mental well-being.
Houseplants can also do wonders for your mental health. For instance, when 28 new plants were placed in common areas of a heart and lung rehab center in Norway, patients reported a greater increase in well-being four weeks later compared to patients who didn’t have greenery added, one study found. “We evolved on earth amongst the grasslands surrounded by trees and plants,” says John Beirne, HTR, horticultural therapy instructor at the New York Botanical Garden and superintendent of horticulture at Willowwood Arboretum. “It is no wonder they make us feel at home—for eons they have fed our bodies and our souls.”
4. You’ll feel a sense of accomplishment.
In another study, when residents in an assisted-living facility potted plants and learned how to care for them at home, their quality of life improved. Researchers say it could be due to a feeling of accomplishment or the companionship people felt with their plants (some said they talked and sang to them).
“Any time someone takes ownership in something by doing it themselves, they exude pride in accomplishment,” says Gwenn Fried, manager of Horticulture Therapy at NYU Langone’s Rusk Rehabilitation. “In my experience, anyone who plants something will then take better care of it and nurture it—being able to nurture is part of the human experience and brings joy.” So go ahead and belt out Beyoncé in your living room on watering day—your fern won’t judge.
5. They’ll help you forget about stress.
“Potting plants and actively maintaining them provide an opportunity to forget about troublesome, stressful things that may be going on in your life, and focus on the here-and-now,” says Altman. “While this is helpful to us and our psychological wellbeing, the plant enjoys this care as well, and grows better and is better equipped to provide the physical benefits.”
If you’re new to gardening, Altman suggests starting with succulents if you have a room with a window that receives a lot of light or philodendrons for the average room with moderate light. “If you aren’t successful with a plant the first time and it dies, that’s ok—just try again,” he says. “The best gardeners and horticulturalists learn from their mistakes and with every growing mistake made there is a lesson to be learned.”
6. Your productivity may soar.
That succulent sitting on your coworker’s desk could be giving her a brain boost at work. Employee productivity increased by 15 percent after plants were introduced to a previously bare office, in a study by the University of Exeter. “Plants were once (and still are) essential to human survival,” says Altman. “Today, this innate connection to them can be observed by an overall reduction of stress and improvement of calmness and wellbeing, which in turn has effects on an individual’s ability to be creative and focus on tasks.”
Case in point: College students who performed demanding cognitive tasks in an office with greenery had a longer attention span than those who were in an office without plants, according to a study published in the Journal of Environmental Psychology.
7. They help promote healing.
“Our close relationship with plants also helps individuals to recover from illness or injury quicker,” says Altman. “By surrounding ourselves with plants, we are able to create a sort of natural, living sanctuary in which we feel safe and protected.”
In fact, researchers at Kansas State University found that patients with plants in their rooms required less pain medication, had a lower blood pressure and heart rate, and felt less anxiety and fatigue when recovering from surgery than patients without greenery in their rooms. Some plants even provide physical healing benefits. For instance, aloe vera can be used to heal sunburn and other skin irritations.
8. Plants can even enhance therapeutic care.
Along those same lines, growing and caring for plants can play a role in a person’s formal recovery process with a horticultural therapist. “Horticulture therapy is the practice of using plants within a well-organized recovery and wellness treatment plan that involves professionals creating and setting measurable goals for the person on the receiving end of care to achieve,” says Beirne. “The goals will eventually help the person overcome difficulties, problems, or obstacles identified by their treatment team.”
According to the American Horticultural Therapy Association, the modality can be used for psychological problems (such as PTSD), physical issues (like regaining lost skills), or even vocational struggles (problem solving, for instance). So the next time you complain about having to water your plants, think about all they’re giving you in return!
Source: www.prevention.com
NOVEMBER’S PLANT OF THE MONTH:
Norfolk Island Pine
The Norfolk Island Pine continues to grow in popularity as a living Christmas tree as people continue to move away from both artificial and disposable, fresh cut, live trees. Each November, Klein’s receives a shipment of Norfolk Island pines in all sizes, from 4” pots to 4’ specimens, for upcoming holiday sales. It’s not uncommon for us to receive orders for ‘Norfolks’ decorated in holiday finery of miniature ornaments and garland. Decorated Norfolks are the perfect long-lasting holiday gift for the plant lover in your life.
The Norfolk (Island) Pine (Araucaria heterophylla) is an evergreen conifer (pine tree) native to, of all places, Norfolk Island which is located between Australia , New Zealand and New Caledonia. On their native island plants grow into a 200 ft. tree. But because they are very slow growing, potted specimens are a perfect houseplant, usually topping out at about 6-8’. The “needles” are very soft to the touch, making them very kid and pet friendly.
As a houseplant, Norfolk pines like it cool and bright, with a little bit of direct sunlight each day. Plants should be rotated regularly so that they grow straight. Do not fertilize plants during the dead of winter, starting in about February and continuing through October, with any dilute houseplant fertilizer. Water only when the surface of the soil becomes dry to the touch. Overwatering is the most common reason for a Norfolk’s demise (along with spider mites). When overwatered, needles and branches yellow and drop. It’s not abnormal for plants to lose bottom branches as the plant matures. Norfolks prefer high humidity and do best in homes with humidifiers or a lot of other plants or aquariums. Keep plants away from radiators and heat sources.
Norfolk pines love to be placed outdoors during the summer months. Place the plant so it receives no direct hot afternoon sun (though they do enjoy a few hours of direct morning sunlight). You’ll be shocked by how much the plant will grow given our summer heat and humidity and doses of natural rain water.
AROUND TOWN:
For neighborhood events or garden tours that you would like posted in our monthly newsletter, please contact Rick at (608) 244-5661 or rick@kleinsfloral.com. Please include all details, i.e. dates, locations, prices, brief description, etc. Events must be garden related and must take place in the Madison vicinity and we must receive your information by the first of the month in which the event takes place for it to appear in that month’s newsletter.
Herb Fair
Saturday, November 6, 9:00-3:00
Olbrich Botanical Gardens
The Herb Fair annually sponsored by the Madison Herb Society, reaches out to the public through lectures and demonstrations and provides an outlet for members to expand their knowledge and abilities to use herbs.
Hear about herbs from speakers and vendors. Purchase herbal products. Make & take projects, demonstrations, and a Q & A station. Free! Sponsored by the Madison Herb Society. Visit www.madisonherbsociety.org.
Olbrich Botanical Gardens
608/246-4550 or www.olbrich.org for details.
Nature Hike
Sunday, November 7, 1:00 pm – 2:30 pm
Walk
Learn about the land; plants, animals, and fungi; phenology; and ecological practices and concepts. Geared for adults, these longer walks may cover some sloping terrain. Wear sturdy closed-toe shoes and come prepared for weather and insects. Walks take place rain or shine, except in unsafe weather. Free, no registration required. Event capacity is limited. Meet at the Visitor Center.
University of WI Arboretum
1207 Seminole Hwy.
Madison, WI 53711
608/263-7888 or arboretum.wisc.edu
Family Nature Walk
Sunday, November 14, 1:00 pm – 2:30 pm
Walk
This walk is a fun and fascinating way for families with children elementary age and younger to explore the natural world. Wear sturdy closed-toe shoes and come prepared for weather and insects. Walks take place rain or shine, except in unsafe weather. Adults must attend. Free, no registration required. Event capacity is limited. Meet at the Visitor Center.
University of WI Arboretum
1207 Seminole Hwy.
Madison, WI 53711
608/263-7888 or arboretum.wisc.edu
Full Moon Night Walk
Saturday, November 20, 6:30 pm – 8:00 pm
Walk
Naturalists lead this walk under the Deer Running Moon. Hear night sounds and consider what may have inspired the Ho-Chunk people to give the November full moon this name (others call it the Frost Moon). Free, no registration required. Event capacity is limited. Meet at the Visitor Center.
University of WI Arboretum
1207 Seminole Hwy.
Madison, WI 53711
608/263-7888 or arboretum.wisc.edu
Nature Hike
Sunday, November 21, 1:00 pm – 2:30 pm
Walk
Learn about the land; plants, animals, and fungi; phenology; and ecological practices and concepts. Geared for adults, these longer walks may cover some sloping terrain. Wear sturdy closed-toe shoes and come prepared for weather and insects. Walks take place rain or shine, except in unsafe weather. Free, no registration required. Event capacity is limited. Meet at the Visitor Center.
University of WI Arboretum
1207 Seminole Hwy.
Madison, WI 53711
608/263-7888 or arboretum.wisc.edu
Rotary Botanical Gardens’ Holiday Light Show
November 26-28, December 2-5, 9-12, 16-23 and December 26-30
This year’s dazzling after-dark walk on the Gardens’ paths features more than ONE MILLION lights, themed light displays and animations for a family-friendly outdoor activity.
Doors open 4:30 pm. Last ticket sold 8:30 pm.
Admission is $10.00 (13+) and $5.00 for kids 3-12. Children 2 and under are free.
Details and ticket information will appear on our website in the weeks ahead.
Rotary Botanical Gardens
608/752-3885 or www.rotarybotanicalgardens.
Garden Stroll
Sunday, November 28, 1:00 pm – 2:00 pm
Walk
This gently paced stroll through the gardens is well-suited for a multi-generational outing. Learn about plants, animals, and fungi; phenology; and ecology. Wear sturdy closed-toe shoes and come prepared for weather and insects. Walks take place rain or shine, except in unsafe weather. Routes are wheelchair accessible when weather allows. Free, no registration required. Event capacity is limited. Meet at the Visitor Center.
University of WI Arboretum
1207 Seminole Hwy.
Madison, WI 53711
608/263-7888 or arboretum.wisc.edu
Dane County Farmer’s Market
Saturdays, Now thru November 13, 6:15-1:45
On the Capitol Square
Wednesdays, Now thru November 3, 8:30-1:45
In the 200 block of Martin Luther King, Jr. Blvd.
For details visit www.dcfm.org
Dane County Holiday Farmer’s Market
Saturdays, November 20, December 4 and December 18, 7:30-noon
Monona Terrace
The Holiday Dane County Farmer’s Market is located in the majestic Monona Terrace. This bustling market features more than 60 vendors and is your one-stop shop for all of your local food needs for the holidays!
For details visit www.dcfm.org
NOVEMBER IN THE GARDEN-–A checklist of things to do this month.
___Visit Olbrich, Rotary or Allen Centennial Gardens and note plants of fall interest for
spring planting and best selection.
___Put up all bird feeders and fill daily as needed. Begin feeding raw suet.
___Make water available to the birds. Begin using a de-icer as needed.
___Dig new beds now! It’s easier now than in spring when super-busy.
___Continue planting spring bulbs till the ground freezes.
___Plant bulbs for forcing and put in a cool location for 10-12 weeks.
___Stop feeding houseplants and cut back on watering.
___Continue planting deciduous shrubs and trees until the ground freezes.
___Clean up stalks and leaves of annuals and vegetables, preventing viruses and pests
for next year’s garden.
___Continue harvesting brussels sprouts, kale, greens and root crops.
___Cut perennials back to 4-6”, leaving those for winter interest.
___Make notes in your garden journal for changes, improvements, etc.
___Mow the lawn at shortest setting for last mowing of the season.
___Ready lawnmower and tiller for winter. Prep the snowblower.
___Keep gutters clear of leaves and debris.
___Clean empty pots and containers for winter storage.
___Purchase marsh hay and rose protection. Wait till the ground freezes to apply.
___Wrap trunks of susceptible trees to protect from rodents.
___Visit Klein’s—The poinsettias are just about ready. Look for end of the season savings on all remaining spring bulbs.
Some of our very favorite seed and plant sources include:
For seeds:
Baker Creek Heirloom Seeds @ www.rareseeds.com or 417/924-8887
Burpee @ www.burpee.com or 800/888-1447
Harris Seeds @ www.harrisseeds.com or 800/514-4441
Johnny’s Select Seeds @ www.johnnyseeds.com or 207/861-3901
Jung’s Seeds @ www.jungseed.com or 800/247-5864
Park’s Seeds @ www.parkseed.com or 800/845-3369
Pinetree @ www.superseeds.com or 207/926-3400
Seeds of Change @ www.seedsofchange.com or 888/762-7333
Seed Savers @ www.seedsavers.org or 563/382-5990
Select Seeds @ www.selectseeds.com or 800/684-0395
Territorial Seeds @ www.territorialseed.com or 888/657-3131
Thompson & Morgan @ www.thompson-morgan.com or 800/274-7333
For bulbs:
Brent & Becky’s Bulbs @ www.brentandbeckysbulbs.com or 877/661-2852
Colorblends @ www.colorblends.com or 888/847-8637
John Scheeper’s @ www.johnscheepers.com or 860/567-0838
McClure & Zimmerman @ www.mzbulb.com or 800/883-6998
For plants:
High Country Gardens @ www.highcountrygardens.com or 800/925-9387
Logee’s Greenhouses @ www.logees.com or 888/330-8038
Plant Delights Nursery @ www.plantdelights.com or 912/772-4794
Roots and Rhizomes @ www.rootsrhizomes.com or 800/374-5035
Wayside Gardens @ www.waysidegardens.com or 800/213-0379
White Flower Farm @ www.whiteflowerfarm.com or 800/503-9624
BEHIND THE SCENES AT KLEIN’S—This is a sneak peek of what is going on each month behind the scenes in our greenhouses. Many people are unaware that our facility operates year round or that we have 10 more greenhouses on the property in addition to the 6 open for retail. At any given moment we already have a jump on the upcoming season–be it poinsettias in July, geraniums in December or fall mums in May.
IN NOVEMBER:
—Our employees prep the store inside and out for the upcoming holidays.
—Wreaths, roping and pine boughs arrive mid-month from northern Wisconsin.
—Most plant material and supplies have been ordered for the 2022 growing season. We order early to ensure you best selection in spring.
PERMANENT FEATURES–
KLEIN’S MONTHLY NEWSLETTER
Have our monthly newsletter e-mailed to you automatically by signing up on the right side of our home page. We’ll offer monthly tips, greenhouse news and tidbits, specials and recipes. . .everything you need to know from your favorite Madison greenhouse. And tell your friends. It’s easy to do.
THE MAD GARDENER–“Madison’s Firsthand Source for Expert Gardening Advice”
Ask us your gardening questions by e-mailing us at madgardener@kleinsfloral.com. Klein’s in-house Mad Gardener will e-mail you with an answer as promptly as we can. The link is posted on our home page and in all newsletters.
We can only answer those questions pertaining to gardening in Southern Wisconsin and we reserve the right to leave correspondence unanswered at our discretion. Please allow 2-3 days for a response.
TO WRITE A REVIEW OF KLEIN’S, PLEASE LINK TO
FACEBOOK
Follow Klein’s on Facebook where we post updates and photos on a regular basis.
TWITTER
Join Klein’s on Twitter where we post company updates and photos on a regular basis.
SENIOR CITIZEN DISCOUNT
We offer a 10% Off Senior Citizen Discount every Tuesday to those 62 and above. This discount is not in addition to other discounts or sales. Please mention that you are a senior before we ring up your purchases. Does not apply to wire out orders or services, i.e. delivery, potting, etc.
RECYCLING POTS & TRAYS
Plastic flower pots and garden edging can now be recycled as part of the City of Madison’s rigid plastic program. Flowerpots and edging must be free of dirt and can be placed in your green recycling bin. For more information call 267-2626 or visit www.cityofmadison.com/streets/
DELIVERY INFO
Klein’s Floral and Greenhouses delivers daily, except Sundays, throughout all of Madison and much of Dane County including: Cottage Grove, DeForest, Fitchburg, Maple Bluff, Marshall, McFarland, Middleton, Monona, Oregon, Shorewood Hills, Sun Prairie, Verona, Waunakee and Windsor. We do not deliver to Cambridge, Columbus, Deerfield or Stoughton.
Current delivery rate on 1-4 items is $7.95 for Madison, Maple Bluff, Monona and Shorewood Hills; $8.95 for Cottage Grove, DeForest, Fitchburg, McFarland, Sun Prairie, Waunakee and Windsor; and $9.95 for Marshall, Middleton, Oregon and Verona. An additional $3.00 will be added for deliveries of 4-10 items and $5.00 added for deliveries of more than 10 items. For deliveries requiring more than one trip, a separate delivery charge will be added for each trip.
A minimum order of $25.00 is required for delivery.
We not only deliver our fabulous fresh flowers, but also houseplants, bedding plants and hardgoods. There may be an extra charge for very large or bulky items.
Delivery to the Madison hospitals is $5.95. Deliveries to the four Madison hospitals are made during the early afternoon. Items are delivered to the hospital’s volunteer rooms and not directly to the patients’ rooms per hospital rules.
There is no delivery charge for funerals in the city of Madison or Monona, although normal rates apply for morning funeral deliveries to Madison’s west side (west of Park St.). Our normal rates also apply for funeral deliveries in the surrounding communities at all times. Although we don’t deliver on Sundays, we will deliver funeral items on Sundays at the regular delivery rate.
Morning delivery is guaranteed to the following Madison zip codes, but only if requested: 53703, 53704, 53714, 53716, 53718 and Cottage Grove, DeForest, Maple Bluff, Marshall, McFarland, Monona, Sun Prairie, Waunakee and Windsor.
We begin our delivery day at 8:00 a.m. and end at approximately 3:00 p.m. We do not usually deliver after 4:00 unless specific exceptions are made with our drivers.
Except for holidays, the following west-side zip codes and communities are delivered only during the afternoon: 53705, 53706, 53711, 53713, 53717, 53719, 53726, Fitchburg, Middleton, Oregon, Shorewood Hills and Verona.
During holidays (Christmas, Valentine’s Day, Mother’s Day, etc.) we are able to make morning deliveries to all of the above areas. We are not able to take closely timed deliveries on any holiday due to the sheer volume of such requests.
It’s best to give us a range of time and we’ll try our absolute hardest. Orders for same day delivery must be placed by 12:30 p.m. or by 2:30 p.m. for Madison zip codes 53704 and 53714.
DEPARTMENT HEADS: Please refer all questions, concerns or feedback in the following departments to their appropriate supervisor.
Phone: 608/244-5661 or 888/244-5661
Horticulturalist & General Manager–Jamie VandenWymelenberg jamie@kleinsfloral.com
Accounts, Billing and Purchasing—Kathryn Derauf kathryn@kleinsfloral.com
Delivery Supervisor & Newsletter Coordinator—Rick Halbach rick@kleinsfloral.com
Owner, Floral Designer & Purchasing—Sue Klein sue@kleinsfloral.com
RELATED RESOURCES AND WEB SITES
University of Wisconsin Extension
1 Fen Oak Ct. #138
Madison, WI 53718
608/224-3700
Plant Disease Diagnostics Clinic
Dept. of Plant Pathology
1630 Linden Dr.
Madison, WI 53706
Insect Diagnostic Lab
240 Russell Labs
1630 Linden Dr.
Madison, WI 53706
U.W. Soil and Plant Analysis Lab
8452 Mineral Point Rd.
Verona, WI 53593
608/262-4364
American Horticultural Society
Garden Catalogs (an extensive list with links)
Invasive Species
Community Groundworks
3601 Memorial Dr., Ste. 4
Madison, WI 53704
608/240-0409
Madison Area Master Gardeners (MAMGA)
Wisconsin Master Gardeners Program
Department of Horticulture
1575 Linden Drive
University of Wisconsin – Madison
Madison, WI 53706
608/265-4504
The Wisconsin Gardener
Allen Centennial Gardens
620 Babcock Dr.
Madison, WI 53706
608/262-8406
Olbrich Botanical Gardens
3330 Atwood Ave.
Madison, WI 53704
608/246-4550
Rotary Gardens
1455 Palmer Dr.
Janesville, WI 53545
608/752-3885
University of WI Arboretum
1207 Seminole Hwy.
Madison, WI 53711
608/263-7888
University of Wisconsin-West Madison
Agricultural Research Center
8502 Mineral Point Rd.
Verona, WI 53593
608/262-2257
PLANTS POISONOUS TO CHILDREN:
Children may find the bright colors and different textures of plants irresistible, but some plants can be poisonous if touched or eaten. If you’re in doubt about whether or not a plant is poisonous, don’t keep it in your home. The risk is not worth it. The following list is not comprehensive, so be sure to seek out safety information on the plants in your home to be safe.
•Bird of paradise
•Bull nettle
•Castor bean
•Chinaberry tree
•Crocus
•Daffodil
•Deadly nightshade
•Dieffenbachia (dumb cane)
•Foxglove
•Glory lily
•Hemlock
•Holly berry
•Indian tobacco
•Iris
•Jimsonweed
•Lantana
•Larkspur
•Lily of the valley
•Marijuana
•Mescal bean
•Mexicantes
•Mistletoe
•Morning glory
•Mountain laurel
•Night-blooming jasmine
•Nutmeg
•Oleander
•Philodendron
•Poison ivy
•Poison sumac
•Pokeweed
•Poppy
•Potato
•Privet
•Rhododendron
•Rhubarb
•Water hemlock
•Wisteria
PLANTS POISONOUS TO PETS:
Below is a list of some of the common plants which may produce a toxic reaction in animals. This list is intended only as a guide to plants which are generally identified as having the capability for producing a toxic reaction. Source: The National Humane Society website @ http://www.humanesociety.org/
•Aconite
•Apple
•Arrowgrasses
•Autumn Crocus
•Azaleas
•Baneberry
•Bird-of-Paradise
•Black locust
•Bloodroot
•Box
•Buckeye
•Buttercup
•Caladium
•Carolina jessamine
•Castor bean
•Chinaberry tree
•Chockcherries
•Christmas berry
•Christmas Rose
•Common privet
•Corn cockle
•Cowbane
•Cow cockle
•Cowsliprb
•Daffodil
•Daphne
•Day lily
•Delphinium (Larkspur)
•Dumbcane
•Dutchman’s breeches
•Easter lily
•Elderberry
•Elephant’s ear
•English Ivy
•European Bittersweet
•Field peppergrass
•Foxglove
•Holly
•Horsechestnut
•Horse nettle
•Hyacinth
•Iris
•Jack-in-the-pulpit
•Jerusalem Cherry
•Jimsonweed
•Lantana
•Larkspur
•Laurels
•Lily of the valley
•Lupines
•Mayapple
•Milk vetch
•Mistletoe
•Monkshood
•Morning glory
•Mustards
•Narcissus
•Nicotiana
•Nightshade
•Oaks
•Oleander
•Philodendrons
•Pokeweed
•Poinsettia
•Poison hemlock
•Potato
•Rhododendron
•Rhubarb
•Rosary pea
•Sago palm
•Skunk cabbage
•Smartweeds
•Snow-on-the-mountain
•Sorghum
•Star of Bethlehem
•Wild black cherry
•Wild radish
•Wisteria
•Yellow jessamine
•Yew