‘THE SAGE’-Klein’s Online Newsletter—APRIL 2024
Klein’s Floral & Greenhouses
3758 E. Washington Ave.
Madison, WI 53704
608/244-5661 or info@kleinsfloral.com
THIS MONTH’S HIGHLIGHTS:
Our 2024 Spring Plant List Goes On-line About April 15
Extended Spring Hours Begin Saturday, April 27
Our ‘Mad Gardener‘ and ‘Houseplant Help‘ Are Ready for Your Questions
Klein’s Favorite Seed, Bulb & Plant Sources
Administrative Professionals Week is April 21-27
Flowers Are Proven To Relieve Stress
Join the Wisconsin Hardy Plant Society Today
The Health Effects of 5 Beneficial (and Very Common) Weeds
You Asked About Watering Houseplants with Softened Water
Plant of the Month: Streptocarpus (Cape Primrose)
Klein’s Favorite Swiss Chard Recipes
Product Spotlight: Organic Fertilizers fro Neptune’s Harvest
Notes from Rick’s Garden Journal—From March 2024
—On the Look for a New Garden Toy
—Science Fiction and Nature Collide
—Don’t Procrastinate in Luring Orioles to Your Yard
April in the Garden: A Planner
Gardening Events Around Town
Join Us on Twitter
Follow Us on Facebook
OUR 2024 SPRING PLANT LIST can be viewed on-line beginning about April 15 by clicking on Spring Plants or at the top of our website home page under the the “Greenhouses” dropbox. This comprehensive listing contains every plant that Klein’s will be offering at some time during the 2024 season and is extremely helpful for both the home gardener and landscaper alike. The list contains fun facts, cultural information and pot or pack size for each item and comes in very handy in planning your garden this spring.
***Please note the disclaimers and added notes at the beginning of each section***
HAVE YOU MOVED RECENTLY?
If so, we ask that as we go into the busy spring season, you update your new address in association with Klein’s Rewards Program so you continue to receive all possible benefits.
In addition to occasional coupons, we’ve been mailing out birthday month postcards with an added gift during the past year or so and find that many are being returned with an invalid address. We don’t want you to miss out!
If your address has recently changed, please send your new information to info@kleinsfloral.com and please include your name and your old address as reference.
THE MAD GARDENER
Madison’s Firsthand Source for Expert Gardening Advice
Ask any of your gardening questions by e-mailing them to us at madgardener@kleinsfloral.com. Klein’s in-house Mad Gardener will e-mail you with an answer as promptly as we can. We’ve also posted a link on our home page and in our contacts for your convenience. Your question might then appear in the “You Asked” feature of our monthly newsletter. If your question is the one selected for our monthly newsletter, you’ll receive a small gift from us at Klein’s.
Sorry, we can only answer those questions pertaining to gardening in Southern Wisconsin and we reserve the right to leave correspondence unanswered at our discretion. Please allow 2-3 days for a response.
KLEIN’S ‘HOUSEPLANT HELP’
You can contact Klein’s in-house indoor plant experts by emailing to houseplanthelp@kleinsfloral.com for sound information and advice regarding indoor tropicals, succulents, blooming plants and so much more.
For many years, customers’ indoor plant questions have been directed to Klein’s Mad Gardener. Now you have the opportunity to contact our indoor plant experts directly. We’ve posted a link on our home page and in our contacts for your convenience. Your question might then appear in the “You Asked” feature of our monthly newsletter. If your question is the one selected for our monthly newsletter, you’ll receive a small gift from us at Klein’s.
We reserve the right to leave correspondence unanswered at our discretion. Please allow 2-3 days for a response.
APRIL STORE HOURS:
Monday thru Friday : 9:00-6:00
Saturday: 9:00-5:00
Sunday: 10:00-4:00
Extended Spring Hours Begin Saturday, April 27.
Monday thru Friday : 9:00-7:00
Tuesdays: 7:00 a.m.-7:00 p.m.
Saturday: 9:00-6:00
Sunday: 9:00-5:00
CALENDAR OF EVENTS:
April 1–April Fool’s Day
April 2–Spring Elections
April 8—Partial Solar Eclipse. Begins at 12:50 and ends 3:19 with peak at 2:05.
April 9–Eid al Fir
April 13–First Outdoor Farmers’ Market on the Square, 6:15-1:45. Madison’s Official Beginning of Spring! Visit www.dcfm.org/
April 15–Tax Day
April 21–Beginning of Administrative Professionals Week. In appreciation to those people who make your life so much easier, have one of Klein’s talented designers create for you that perfect ‘Thank You.’ Nothing displays your appreciation better than a lovely bouquet of spring flowers or a cheerful blooming plant. Order early.
April 22–Earth Day
April 22–Passover Begins
April 23–Full Moon
April 24–Administrative Professionals Day
April 26–Arbor Day
April 27–First Day of Klein’s Extended Spring Hours. The days are longer and there’s lots to do in the garden. We make shopping easier to fit into your hectic schedule by offering extended retail hours during May. Evenings are a great time to shop at Klein’s. The greenhouses are cooler and the lines are shorter. It makes for a more relaxed shopping experience and our staff is more available to answer all your gardening questions. See April Store Hours above for more details.
April 27 and 28—Klein’s Spring Preview Weekend. Visit with supplier reps and see what’s new for the 2024 gardening season. Visit our homepage and Facebook later in the month for details.
May 10–This is Madison’s average last frost date, but keep your eye on the weather before planting. Madison has a notorious reputation for late May frosts. Many local old-time gardeners refuse to plant, especially their tomatoes, peppers, morning glories, etc. until Memorial Day weekend when the soil has warmed properly. Novice gardeners have a tendency to plant too early!
May 12–Mother’s Day. Order early and shop early!!! Mother’s Day is second only to Valentine’s Day for deliveries and the Saturday before Mother’s Day is traditionally our busiest day of the entire year. Extra drivers will be on the road Saturday, May 11 for prompt and efficient service. Click on Delivery Information at the top of our home page for more details about Klein’s delivery. Because this is our busiest day of the year in the greenhouse, will not be delivering on Mother’s Day, Sunday, May 12.
‘THE FLOWER SHOPPE’:
Flowers are proven to relieve stress
Did you know flowers are scientifically proven to provide a moment of calm? Research from the University of North Florida’s Department of Public Health shows that living with flowers significantly reduces our stress. That is good news considering 68 percent of people report experiencing stress weekly and 32 percent feel stress daily and especially given current circumstances. A simple solution to help relieve your stress is to have flowers on your nightstand to see when you first wake up, on your desk to provide a breath of fresh air while you work, or on your kitchen counter or coffee table to help you unwind after a hectic day. Flowers do wonders for your well-being, increasing happiness, productivity, decreasing worry and anxiety, and more.
Bring joy to your life! Call or email Sarah, Renee or Sue @ 608-244-5661 or at floral@kleinsfloral.com to place an order or visit Klein’s anytime for personal service and advice or to grab fresh flowers from our always well-stocked display cooler.
YOU ASKED. . .
I have a few indoor plants and I don’t like watering them with my kitchen water because we have a water softener. I have lost a few plants and notice the soil changes and looks a little white. Does the softener water impact my plants? What should I do in the winter? Terri
Hi Terri,
Over the lifetime of a plant, the salts in softened water do build up in the soil and oftentimes salt build up on the pot and soil is the indicator. However, lime/calcium also builds up on the pots and in the soil over time (and looks much the same) and we naturally have very hard water here in southern Wisconsin.
An alternative is to collect rainwater in summer and melted snow in winter. At Klein’s we sometimes use rain/snow water to water our air plants, orchids, carnivorous plants and other sensitive plants. At home I collect water with a rain barrel attached to one of my downspouts for easy warm-weather collection.
Thanks for your question,
DID YOU KNOW. . .
. . . that the Wisconsin Hardy Plant Society meets monthly from August through April at Olbrich Botanical Gardens?
About Us—
The Wisconsin Hardy Plant Society is a membership of garden enthusiasts who learn, teach and work to grow healthy, long-lasting gardens. We were founded in 1989 by a group of individuals who wanted to promote the love and appreciation of hardy herbaceous plants to every level of gardener. Today, we have over 800 members.
We meet regularly at Olbrich Botanical Gardens where nationally-recognized speakers discuss topics such as container gardening, perennials for shade, attracting pollinators, bulbs for fall planting, effective ground covers, and the latest hardy shrubs.
In conjunction with the Dane County Master Gardeners, we offer at least two evening area garden tours each year, usually in the summer. Members can tour several interesting private gardens in a specific geographic area and often have the opportunity to meet the host gardener and ask questions.
Going on a WHPS trip is a wonderful way for members to view gardens of distinction and get ideas for future projects. Past destinations include England, Scotland, Dubuque, Philadelphia, St. Louis, Minneapolis and Portland. We have also taken day trips and multi-day bus tours to other areas of Wisconsin and Illinois.
The Wisconsin Hardy Plant Society is a membership of garden enthusiasts who learn, teach and work to grow healthy, long-lasting gardens. Join us today @ Membership Info. Klein’s is happy to be a Member Business and proud supporter of the Wisconsin Hardy Plant Society’s mission.
Visit us at: www.wisconsinhardyplantsociety.org/
PRODUCT SPOTLIGHT—Each month we spotlight some product that we already carry or one that we’ve taken note of and plan to carry in the near future. Likewise, if you would like to see Klein’s to carry a product that we don’t currently, please let us know. Our goal is to be responsive to the marketplace and to our loyal clientele. If a product fits into our profile, we will make every effort to get it into our store. In addition, we may be able to special order an item for you, whether plant or hard good, given enough time.
Organic Fertilizers from Neptune’s Harvest
Neptune’s Harvest is a division of Ocean Crest Seafoods Inc., established in 1965 as a wholesale fish and seafood company. Our fertilizer is made with fresh caught North Atlantic fish right on the docks of Gloucester, MA.
The Neptune’s Harvest Fertilizer division came about as an endeavor to fully utilize the fresh fish by-product from the filleting process. When a fish is filleted, the process of removing the edible portion from the fish, up to 70% of it remains! What’s left are the heads, skeletons, scales and fins- this is called gurry. In 1986, when Neptune’s Harvest was started, this portion was being brought out on fishing boats and dumped back into the sea. Clearly there was a need of more economical and environmentally sound method of use for this valuable by-product. Ocean Crest Seafoods and Neptune’s Harvest, in conjunction with the state of Massachusetts and its local universities, has developed a process through which we changed an environmental hazard into an environmental benefit, the result being Neptune’s Harvest liquid fish fertilizer. After several years of trial and error and further refinements we now believe that we have the finest fertilizers (either organic or inorganic) available today.
New for Klein’s this season:
Crab and Lobster Shell 5-3-0—An excellent dry organic plant food, containing Calcium (17%) and Magnesium (1%). Crab & Lobster Shell will keep your lawn healthy and green and works great with Neptune’s Harvest Kelp Meal. High calcium fertilizers have been shown to benefit bulbs and flowers too!
Rose & Flowering Formula 2-6-4—Uniquely formulated for flowering plants to increase vigor during flowering and to increase the volume and density of buds that produce healthy, vibrant flowers. Made with fresh fish, molasses, yucca extract, seaweed and humic acids our Rose & Flowering formula will ensure that your plants are healthy and happy, produce lush foliage and maximize their flowering ability!
Tomato & Veg Formula 2-4-2—A perfect complete fertilizer for your tomatoes, vegetables and more. Made from fresh fish, seaweed, molasses, yucca extract and humic acids, this formula was uniquely designed for plants with intense growth or “vegging” stages. Growers using our “Tomato & Veg” have seen increased stalk/stem mass resulting in higher yields. In addition, Tomato & Veg provides necessary nutrients to keep your plants vigorous with strong root zones and lush foliage, increasing its tolerance to various diseases, temperature and drought.
Source: www.neptunesharvest.com/
NOTES FROM MY GARDEN JOURNAL–Tips and Observations from My Own Garden by Rick Halbach
ENTRY: MARCH 11, 2024 (On the Look for a New Garden Toy)
I’m always on the look for products on the market that will make life simpler and a certain mini chainsaw caught my eye this past month in an issue of (I believe) Fine Gardening magazine (www.finegardening.com/). Many years ago I removed most of the trees in my yard to maximize sunlight for my flowers beds. I’ve never really had a need for a big chainsaw. However, I’ve planted numerous shrubs and small ornamental trees throughout the yard for added interest and height in my perennial beds, some of which have grown large enough that a lopper can no longer handle the pruning job. The idea of a small, battery operated chainsaw has long been in the back of my mind.
From the writer of the magazine article:
Their choice—
Stihl GTA 26 Mini Chainsaw (usually available for about $170-200 depending on the source). It has a 4″ blade perfect for light pruning. The compact battery has a 25 minute run time. It’s best for sawing off branches that are too thick to cut off with pruners or loppers or in awkward spots where a large chainsaw won’t fit.
Note: It may look cute, but make no mistake; a mini chainsaw will cut a 6″ diameter branch or log with ease so you should handle it carefully. It is lighter and more manageable than a regular chainsaw. I like that it will fit into tight spaces between branches where it’s even harder to maneuver a hand saw. While you might be tempted to use one of these small chainsaws with one hand, always follow the instructions and place a free hand on the gripping surface above the trigger handle for extra control and to make sure it doesn’t kick back.
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ENTRY: MARCH 18, 2024 (Science Fiction and Nature Collide)
I just read an article in American Gardener Magazine (available by joining the American Horticultural Society @ ahsgardening.org/) about new genetically engineered plants that are now available via online sources. One is a purple tomato simply called Purple Tomato by Norfolk Plant Sciences. Using two two genes from snapdragons, scientists created an indeterminate tomato with deep purple color throughout that also contains the same anti-oxidants found in blueberries and eggplant. Seeds became available online in February.
The second, and even more interesting release to me, is a glow-in-the-dark petunia called The Firefly™ from Light Bio Inc. that was developed with the genes from naturally occurring bioluminescent mushrooms. The flowers emit a soft green glow after dark. The flowers are white by day and the plants have the exact same growing requirements as any other petunia. Plants are available for pre-order on the company’s website at light.bio/the-only-plant-you-see-when-lights-go-off/ . From their website:
“Discover the allure of the Firefly Petunia….A beautiful plant by day, it unveils mesmerizing luminescence after dusk. Its soothing light is produced from living energy, cultivating a deeper connection with the inner life of the plant. Your nurturing care will be rewarded with even greater brilliance.”
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ENTRY: MARCH 30, 2024 (Don’t Procrastinate in Luring Orioles to Your Yard)
I did a little bit of putzing in the garage this morning. Among my tasks was taking down and cleaning many of my winter bird feeders and also cleaning and prepping my birdhouses and summer bird feeders; among those my oriole feeders. Orioles appear rather quickly and unexpectedly as the weather warms. I don’t want to miss the opportunity of luring them to my yard in the weeks ahead. Beginning in a week or two I’ll set out orange halves as their initial bait. Once I’ve seen the orioles on the orange halves (or noticed signs of feeding on the halves), I’ll place out my jelly and nectar feeders.
How To Attract Orioles This Spring
With their signature black and orange or yellow coloring and beautiful songs, orioles are a favorite among backyard birds. However, orioles are also known to be somewhat elusive due to their very particular habits.
To help you out, we’ve gathered a list of tips to help you attract the orioles in your region this spring. With just a few simple steps, your yard could soon become a sought-after haven for these stunning birds.
Baltimore Orioles are commonly found throughout the eastern and central regions of the United States. Their habitat range overlaps with the similar-looking Bullock’s Oriole in the middle of the United States. These two species sometimes breed together, creating a population of hybrid species where the range paths overlap. In winter, Baltimore Orioles depart south to the Caribbean, Central America, and northern South America – though they still may be located as far north as Florida.
As with all birds, orioles need food, water and shelter to survive. By meeting all of these needs and appealing to oriole’s specific preferences for each, you can make your backyard a favorite habitat.
One of the biggest mistakes many birders make when trying to attract orioles is that they don’t set up feeders early enough. Don’t wait until you’ve spotted the first oriole of the season before setting them out! Feeders should be placed several weeks before you expect them to arrive in your area. For most birds, putting up your feeders late wouldn’t matter much. Orioles, on the other hand, are creatures of habit and timing matters – if they don’t find feeders in your yard upon their initial spring arrival, they most likely won’t use them later.
Orioles are similar to hummingbirds in several ways. One of these similarities is their attraction to specific colors. While hummingbirds are attracted to red, orioles are particularly drawn to the color orange. They also like oranges, as in the fruit. To catch the eye of orioles passing overhead, place orange feeders in visible spots around your yard. You could also try tying orange ribbon or surveyor’s tape around trees, railings or bushes to lure them down from the sky. Once they figure out that your yard offers an abundant food source, they may decide to stick around.
When spring rolls around, orioles need lots of energy as they come to the end of their migration. To satisfy this need, orioles love to eat sugary, high-energy foods. Provide these beautiful birds with the sweet treats they love by placing feeders for nectar, jelly, and fruit around your yard.
On the other hand, orioles love oranges, as mentioned earlier. Many nectar feeders designed for orioles provide a specific location to offer orange slices. This way, your feathered friends can enjoy two of their favorite foods in the same place. Jelly is another great option to entice orioles.
Whatever you decide to feed them, be sure to keep it fresh. All of these sugary foods can become moldy. Only supply enough food that it will be consumed quickly and frequently replenished. Moldy foods make birds sick just as easily as they do humans.
Later in the summer, once they don’t require as much energy, orioles typically alter their diet to include more insects and less sugar. These offer more protein to support them throughout the nesting season. Keep them coming around through the remainder of the summer by providing mealworms and even suet.
Note that Klein’s carries a great selection of both oriole feeders and food.
Types of Oriole Feeders:
Nectar – Nectar feeders hold a simple sugar and water solution. This type of oriole feeder is a popular choice that features large ports to accommodate large bills, and oversized perches that offer adequate room for these songbirds to sit and dine. Some may even feature spaces to put orange slices for an extra treat!
Jelly – Orioles love jelly! Typical jelly feeders come with a small dish and perch for the orioles to sit on.
KLEIN’S RECIPES OF THE MONTH—These are a selection of relatively simple recipes chosen by our staff. New recipes appear monthly. Enjoy!!
Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris cicla) is a very close relative to the beet, but is known for its edible foliage and stalks rather than the root (though beet greens are equally tasty). Some varieties like ‘Bright Lights’ and ‘Rainbow’ are lovely in the flower garden or in mixed containers. Seeds should be planted early in the season in cool and rich soil. Keep the roots cool with mulch during the heat of summer. Harvest can occur at any time. Young leaves are especially tasty in mixed green salads. Harvest the more mature outer leaves first, leaving the inner leaves for continued growth. A more drastic cutting back of the entire plant during summer will ensure a fall harvest from the same plants. The chopped stalks are usually cooked a few minutes longer, with the delicate leaves being added near the end of most recipes. Chard can replace spinach in many recipes.
A few of our favorite Swiss Chard recipes include:
SWISS CHARD WITH TOASTED CRUMBS–This very simple recipe appeared in Martha Stewart’s Everyday Food.
1/2 TBS. butter
1/2 cup fresh bread crumbs
coarse salt
pepper
2 lbs. chard, leaves trimmed from stems. Stems should be sliced in 3/4″ lengths
2 TBS. butter
salt, pepper and a bit of sugar
In a 5 qt. saucepan, melt the 1/2 TBS. butter on medium heat. Add the crumbs and a pinch of coarse salt and pepper. Cook, tossing, till golden, 2-3 minutes. Set aside and wipe the pan clean. Melt the 2 TBS. butter on medium-high. Add the stems and cook till tender, 4-6 minutes. Add the greens, cover and cook on medium-low until wilted, about 5 minutes. Uncover and continue cooking on medium-high heat until the pan becomes dry, 6-8 minutes. Season to taste with salt and pepper and add a pinch of sugar. Toss, cover with the browned crumbs and serve. Serves 4-6.
FRUITY SWISS CHARD–This recipe appeared in the Capital Times in the early 2000’s. The recipe stated that the “flavor pairings are complex and intriguing.”
1/4 cup pine nuts
1-1 1/2 lbs. Swiss chard
2 TBS. olive oil
4 cloves pressed garlic
1 medium onion. chopped
1/2 lb. sliced mushrooms
1/2 cup white wine
1/4 cup dried apricots
1/4 cup raisins
1 tsp. minced summer savory
1 1/2 tsp. pepper
a generous dash of cinnamon
1/2 cup parmesan
Spread the pine nuts onto a baking sheet and toast at 350º until golden, about 8 minutes. Set aside to cool. Blanch the chard 3 minutes in boiling, salted water. Remove from the water and drain. In a large shallow pan, heat the oil. Add the garlic and sauté till golden. Add the onion and sauté until tender. Add the mushrooms and sauté 2 minutes more. Chop the chard. Add the chard, wine and dried apricots and raisins to the garlic/onion mix. Cook the mixture on medium heat until the wine is reduced to 1-2 TBS. Mix in the spices and simmer for 3-4 minutes. Just before serving, whisk in the parmesan and pine nuts. Serve as a pasta sauce, a dip or a spread and either warm or cold.
SWISS CHARD SALAD WITH PINE NUTS AND RAISINS–a simple and unique use of fresh tossed chard from Cooking Light magazine.
1-1 1/4 lbs. Swiss chard
2 TBS. fresh lemon juice
1 1/2 tsp. extra virgin olive oil
1/2 tsp. salt
1/8 tsp. pepper
1/2 cup golden raisins
2 TBS. pine nuts
Slice the chard crossways into strips and place in a large bowl. Combine the juice, oil, salt and pepper with a whisk. Drizzle over the chard and toss to coat. Add the raisins and the pine nuts. Toss and let sit for at least 15 minutes before serving. Serves 4.
SAUTÉED SWISS CHARD WITH RAISINS AND PINE NUTS–Raisins, pine nuts and chard must be a match made in heaven…three of the four recipes this month contain those three ingredients, yet all are very different from each other.
2 bunches (1 1/2 lbs. chard), stems in 1″ pcs. and leaves in 2″ pcs.
2 TBS. pine nuts
2 TBS. olive oil
1/3 cup golden raisins
2 cloves garlic, minced
1 TBS. balsamic vinegar
coarse salt and pepper to taste
Wash the leaves, but leave the water clinging to the leaves, rather than drying or spinning. Set aside. In a large saucepan with a lid, toast the pine nuts on medium-high, browning evenly for 2-4 minutes. Set aside. In the same pan, heat the oil on medium-high. Sauté the stalks until they start to soften, about 4 minutes. Add the leaves, raisins and garlic. Cover, reduce to medium-low and cook until tender, 6-10 minutes, stirring occasionally. Pour off the accumulated water. Stir in the vinegar and pine nuts and season to taste. Serves 4.
NATURAL NEWS–
Health Effects of 5 Beneficial Weeds
By Erin Stewart for Mother Earth News at www.motherearthnews.com/
Beneficial Weeds?
Garden weeds are often thought to be a nuisance destined for eradication in modern western culture, but I have come to appreciate them as an herbalist. Many herbal weeds have beneficial effects on health, contribute to the health of the soil, produce flowers that can serve as food sources for our pollinators, and thrive in difficult growing conditions.
Herbal tradition includes plenty of stories lauding the potential benefits of these herbal weeds, but did you know that there is also some clinical evidence that they work? Let’s look at five of my favorite beneficial weeds and see what science tells us about them.
Dandelion Root Benefits (Taraxacum officinale)
- Dandelion root contains a prebiotic constituent called inulin, which acts as a food source for the beneficial bacteria in the gut. While probiotics or probiotic-rich foods are sometimes taken to help promote a healthy gut microbiome or reintroduce good bacteria to the gut, herbs and foods that contain prebiotic constituents like inulin can be consumed to help feed those probiotic bacteria.
- Taraxasterol is another constituent present in dandelion roots. It has been found in scientific research to have anti-inflammatory activity, along with other constituents found in dandelion leaves.
- In herbal tradition, dandelion root is used as a bitter to help enhance digestion and support liver function. Animal research has demonstrated that constituents found in the roots have hepatoprotective (liver-protective) effects.
- In other animal research, dandelion leaf and root consumption had beneficial effects on cholesterol levels in rabbits that were fed high-cholesterol diets whilst also protecting against some of the atherosclerotic buildup that was observed in the control group animals. This suggests that if the plant has the same effect in humans, it could be of benefit for supporting cardiovascular health.
- Dandelion leaf has been found in a human pilot study to have diuretic effects.
Dandelion leaf and root extracts are readily available in tincture form and the leaves and roots themselves can also be used in food. To take advantage of dandelion tea benefits, you will need to prepare your tea based on which plant part you are using. If you are working with the leaves, steep one to two teaspoons of the dried leaf in freshly boiled water for about 15 to 20 minutes. If you are working with the roots, you will need to decoct them. Place the chopped root in a small saucepan and cover with water. Simmer on low for ten minutes, then turn off the heat and let the root steep for 30 to 45 minutes.
Plantain Benefits (Plantago spp.)
- Plantain is one of my favorite beneficial weeds in the garden. It is a low-growing, leafy plant with distinct parallel veins and I often reach for one of its leaves when I am bit by an insect or if I brush up against some stinging nettle. It helps to soothe my skin faster than anything else I have tried.
- Plantain leaf and extracts have demonstrated anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects.
- The leaves are beneficial for supporting the skin as it recovers from a wound. When combined with Aloe vera gel or used on its own in an ointment, it has been found to help the skin heal faster in animal research.
- An interesting human study found that consistent use of a plantain syrup was able to help reduce severity of pain and other symptoms in cancer patients with radiation-induced oral mucositis.
You can work with plantain by applying a leaf poultice to irritated skin or a bug bite or sting. The cooling, anti-inflammatory effect the leaf has will help provide relief and reduce redness. Alternatively, you can infuse the plantain leaves in olive oil or sunflower seed oil that you can later use to make salves or ointments for your herbal first aid kit.
To make plantain tea, steep one to two teaspoons of the leaf per cup of water for about 20 minutes. It has a green, herbaceous flavor and can help to soothe irritation in the mucous membranes along the digestive tract.
Red Clover Benefits (Trifolium pratense)
- Planted in spring and summer @ 2 lbs./1000 sq. ft. It’s easily worked into the soil and attracts pollinators and beneficial insects. It reseeds prolifically so don’t allow it to go to seed.
- Red clover isoflavone supplementation has been found in clinical studies to help reduce the severity of menopause symptoms.
- Animal research suggests that red clover may have positive effects on cholesterol levels and gut microbiome health.
- In a recent rat study, red clover supplementation was found to have positive effects on sperm count, motility, and viability in diabetic animals. It will be interesting to see if this research progresses to human studies in the future.
To take advantage of any potential red clover tea benefits, steep one to two teaspoons of the dried leaf and flower in a cup of water for 20 to 30 minutes. Try making a quart of the tea at a time and sipping it throughout the day for best results.
Yarrow Benefits (Achillea millefolium)
Yarrow is such a beautiful beneficial weed that I have a hard time calling it a weed at all. The flower spikes dance above their feathery green foliage and always look as if the plants were purposefully placed.
- For women who had recent episiotomies, yarrow ointment applied twice daily was found to help reduce pain levels, redness, edema, and bruising discoloration. Ointment made with St. John’s wort, another common herbal weed, was also effective at relieving symptoms.
- Long-term use of yarrow has been associated with lower rates of relapse and more time elapsing between relapse episodes in people who have MS. Lower depression scores and other positive clinical measures were also observed in the study that demonstrated this.
I frequently use yarrow in my first aid products to help reduce pain and inflammation, to slow bleeding, and to soothe the skin. The leaves and flowers can also be taken internally via herbal tincture or tea.
How to make yarrow tea: Steep one or two teaspoons of the flowers and leaves in a cup of water covered by a plate for about 20 minutes. The flavor can be an odd combination of bitter and floral, so you may wish to combine the yarrow with tastier herbs to make it more palatable.
Chickweed Benefits (Stellaria media)
Chickweed is another of our common beneficial weeds. It contains several different kinds of minerals, as well as vitamin C and other nutrients. The foliage and flowers are edible, though they do not have much flavor. Research on chickweed is somewhat limited but there are some beneficial effects that have been observed.
- In India, people make decoctions and poultices with chickweed leaves and apply them topically to help support healing of the skin, reduce swelling, and slow bleeding.
- Some of the constituents found in chickweed have demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity.
- Animal research suggests that chickweed extracts may help reduce anxiety symptoms and support healthy blood sugar regulation. One rat study also indicates the possibility that chickweed tea could have positive effects on the cardiovascular system for diabetic individuals.
To take advantage of potential chickweed tea benefits, steep one or two teaspoons of the leaves in a cup of water for about 20 minutes before sipping. Try adding a pinch of peppermint leaf to brighten the flavor.
Erin Stewart is a clinical herbalist and aromatherapist, organic gardener, and artisan distiller based in the Pacific Northwest. She teaches herbalism and aromatherapy at Floranella.
APRIL’S PLANT OF THE MONTH:
STREPTOCARPUS (Cape Primrose)
Native to South Africa, Streptocarpus – or Cape primrose – are lovely house plants that are grown for their fresh green leaves and pretty, primrose-like flowers. The flowers come in a wide range of colors, from white to pink, blues and purples, lemon yellow and red, and they are often bi-colored. They bloom from spring though to autumn, offering a long-lasting display. Outdoors, grow in dappled shade to light morning sun.
Streptocarpus are easy to grow as long as a few key rules are followed, and even easier to propagate.
Although having primrose-like leaves, Streptocarpus are not related to primroses. They belong to the Gesneriad family, which also includes African violets (Saintpaulias), and they are cared for in a similar way.
The key to growing Streptocarpus is to find a bright window sill away from direct sunlight, and to avoid over-watering. Streptocarpus are native to wooded mountain areas and ravines in South Africa, so thrive in dappled shade, a humid atmosphere and free-draining soils.
Grow Streptocarpus in a warm, bright spot, out of hot, direct sun – an east or west facing windowsill is ideal. In winter, move to a south facing spot for maximum light.
Streptocarpus need humidity, so a bathroom or kitchen is ideal. Alternatively, stand the pots on a tray of moist pebbles.
How to plant Streptocarpus
Plant into a peat-free multi-purpose or house plant compost, in a pot that is only slightly larger than the root ball. Water in, letting any excess water drain away. The plant may take a few weeks to establish.
How to care for Streptocarpus
- Watering:
From spring to autumn, water when the top couple of centimetres of compost becomes dry, but don’t allow the pot to sit in water and allow any excess to drain away. In winter, water only when the compost is dry and allow any excess to drain away – the roots can rot in if the compost is too wet.
- Feeding:
From spring to autumn, feed every two weeks, with a high potash feed (such as half-strength tomato food) to encourage more flowers. Do not feed in winter, unless you’re growing a plant from the ‘Crystal’ series – feed with quarter strength tomato food.
- Deadheading:
Deadhead by removing the flower stalks to their base.
- Repotting:
Repot every spring, into a slightly larger pot but ensure that the root ball fits snugly in the pot – streptocarpus do best when a little root-bound.
Source: www.gardenersworld.com/
Klein’s currently has a nice selection of Streptocarpus from the Lady Slippers Series fro Green Fuse® Botanicals.
AROUND TOWN:
For neighborhood events or garden tours that you would like posted in our monthly newsletter, please contact Rick at (608) 244-5661 or rick@kleinsfloral.com. Please include all details, i.e. dates, locations, prices, brief description, etc. Events must be garden related and must take place in the Madison vicinity and we must receive your information by the first of the month in which the event takes place for it to appear in that month’s newsletter.
Let’s Talk Helping Gardeners Restore Native Plant Habitats at Home @ the Sequoya Library
Thursday, April 4, 6:30-7:30 pm
Sequoya Library Meeting Rooms A & B
Always wondered about incorporating native plants into your landscaping but looking for a pace to start? Tonight we welcome Sarah Savage, owner of Tend Native Plants. She will share some of the best native plants for small yards, how they support the local ecosystem, and tips for plant shopping.
This event is sponsored by the Midvale Heights Green Team and Sequoya Library.
About the presenter: Sarah Savage opened Tend Native Plants in 2023 to help gardeners restore habitat at home. The small nursery in Blue Mounds specializes in pollinator-safe native plants for the Madison area
Sequoya Library
4340 Tokay Blvd
Madison, WI 53711
Madison, WI 53711
608-266-6385
sequoya@madisonpubliclibrary.org
sequoya@madisonpubliclibrary.org
Arboretum Exploration Stations
Sunday, April 7, 1:00 pm – 3:30 pm
Feed your curiosity through nature-based activities and demonstrations for all ages, hosted by staff from the Arboretum and other organizations. Free, no registration required. Meet at the Visitor Center. Presented in conjunction with UW–Madison Science Expeditions.
University of WI Arboretum
1207 Seminole Hwy.
Madison, WI 53711
608/263-7888 or arboretum.wisc.edu
Nature Hike: Science Expeditions @ the Arboretum
Sunday, April 7, 1:30 pm – 2:30 pm
Learn about the land, plants, animals, fungi, phenology, and ecology. Geared for adults, these longer walks may cover some sloping terrain. Wear sturdy closed-toe shoes and come prepared for weather. Walks canceled for unsafe weather or trail conditions. Free, no registration required. Meet at the Visitor Center. Presented in conjunction with UW–Madison Science Expeditions.
University of WI Arboretum
1207 Seminole Hwy.
Madison, WI 53711
608/263-7888 or arboretum.wisc.edu
Family Nature Walk @ the Arboretum
Sunday, April 7, 1:30 pm – 2:30 pm
This walk is a fun, fascinating way for families with children elementary age and younger to explore the natural world. Adults must attend. Wear sturdy closed-toe shoes and come prepared for weather and insects. Walks canceled for unsafe weather or trail conditions. Free, no registration required. Meet at the Visitor Center.
University of WI Arboretum
1207 Seminole Hwy.
Madison, WI 53711
608/263-7888 or arboretum.wisc.edu
Square Foot Gardening @ the Sequoya Library
Friday, April 12, 2:00-3:00 pm
Sequoya Library Meeting Rooms A & B
Square-foot gardening has been around since the 1970’s. Mel Bartholomew wrote the original square-foot gardening book and now has a new version out which is just as popular as the first one. This is a simple system based on 4-foot by 4-foot raised beds divided into simple one- foot square grids that are raised from the ground. Mary Collet, Certified Master Gardener Volunteer from Dane County Extension, will give you ideas for creating your own square-foot gardening beds, a recipe for square -foot garden soil, selecting and growing your plants and successfully harvesting your crops. You will also hear techniques for raised bed gardening and types of raised bed gardens, like the pizza garden, that is popular with kids.
Sequoya Library
4340 Tokay Blvd
Madison, WI 53711
Madison, WI 53711
608-266-6385
sequoya@madisonpubliclibrary.org
sequoya@madisonpubliclibrary.org
Nature Hike @ the Arboretum
Sunday, April 14, 1:00 pm – 2:30 pm
Learn about the land, plants, animals, fungi, phenology, and ecology. Geared for adults, these longer walks may cover some sloping terrain. Wear sturdy closed-toe shoes. Walks canceled for unsafe weather or trail conditions. Free, no registration required. Meet at the Visitor Center.
University of WI Arboretum
1207 Seminole Hwy.
Madison, WI 53711
608/263-7888 or arboretum.wisc.edu
Vegetable Gardening 101: Dream Big – Start Small @ Lakeview Library
Tuesday, April 16, 6:30 pm – 7:30 pm
Lakeview Community Room
Have you tried vegetable gardening but had a disappointing outcome? Don’t give up! In this talk you will be introduced to the basics of successful vegetable gardening. A Dane County Extension Horticulture Volunteer will talk about maintaining your soil; using garden journaling to record information like rainfall, sunny/cloudy days, successes, etc.; planting seeds, mulching and much more.
Space is limited for this event; registration is required. Please use the sign up link below or call (608) 246-4547 to register. Registration opens two weeks prior to program date.
This program is supported by the Friends of Lakeview Library.
Lakeview Library
2845 N Sherman Ave
Madison, WI 53704
Madison, WI 53704
608-246-4547
Magnolias @ the Arboretum
Saturday, April 20, 1:00 pm – 3:00 pm
Garden Tour
Celebrate the return of spring on a flower-filled stroll through Longenecker Horticultural Gardens’ dazzling collection of over 100 magnolia trees. Tour led by David Stevens, garden curator and Magnolia Society International board member. Free, no registration required. Meet at the Visitor Center.
University of WI Arboretum
1207 Seminole Hwy.
Madison, WI 53711
608/263-7888 or arboretum.wisc.edu
Sky Dance Night Walk @ the Arboretum
Saturday, April 20, 8:00 pm – 9:30 pm
Listen for frogs and other night animals, like woodcocks. We can’t guarantee that wildlife will appear, but if they do, we may see the woodcock’s fascinating mating ritual known as “sky dance.” Wear sturdy closed-toe shoes and come prepared for weather and insects. Walks canceled for unsafe weather or trail conditions. Free. Registration required by April 16: www.eventbrite.com/e/night-walk-sky-dance-registration-807223155187?aff=erelexpmlt . Meet at the Visitor Center.
University of WI Arboretum
1207 Seminole Hwy.
Madison, WI 53711
608/263-7888 or arboretum.wisc.edu
Nature Hike @ the Arboretum
Sunday, April 21, 1:00 pm – 2:30 pm
Learn about the land, plants, animals, fungi, phenology, and ecology. Geared for adults, these longer walks may cover some sloping terrain. Wear sturdy closed-toe shoes. Walks canceled for unsafe weather or trail conditions. Free, no registration required. Meet at the Visitor Center.
University of WI Arboretum
1207 Seminole Hwy.
Madison, WI 53711
608/263-7888 or arboretum.wisc.edu
Family Nature Program: Fabulous Frogs @ the Arboretum
Sunday, April 21, 1:30 pm – 3:30 pm
This program is a fun, fascinating way for families with children elementary age and younger to explore the natural world. Nature walk: 1:30–2:30 p.m., activities: 2:30–3:30 p.m. Adults must attend. Wear sturdy closed-toe shoes and come prepared for weather. Walks canceled for unsafe weather or trail conditions. Free, no registration required. Meet at the Visitor Center.
University of WI Arboretum
1207 Seminole Hwy.
Madison, WI 53711
608/263-7888 or arboretum.wisc.edu
Rotary Garden’s What’s in Bloom? Tour
Wednesday, April 24, 10:00-11:00 a.m.
Rotary Botanical Gardens, 1455 Palmer Dr., Janesville, WI
Rotary Botanical Gardens Director of Horticulture, Michael Jesiolowski will provide a behind-the-scenes look at what’s blooming this month and answer any questions you may have.
What’s in Bloom? Tours take place on select Wednesdays of each month (April-September). The tours are free for RBG members, or $10 for non-members.
To register, please call 608.752.3885., sign up in person on the day of the tour or sign up @ rotarybotanicalgardens.org/event/whats-in-bloom-tour-2024-04-24/ .
Rotary Botanical Gardens
1455 Palmer Dr., Janesville, WI
608/752-3885 or www.rotarybotanicalgardens.org/
Badger State Dahlia Society Tuber Sale
Begins Saturday, April 27, 9:00
Get tubers and already-growing dahlia plants from award-winning “parents” at very reasonable prices. We have hundreds of tubers and plants from scores of exotic and gorgeous cultivars!
When: Saturday, April 27 9am – Tuesday April 30 at 3pm. The link to the sale will be posted on our webpage at badgerdahlia.org and on our Instagram and Facebook pages at 9am on April 27.
Pick-up: No shipping. Pick-up on East side of Madison on May 4. Pickup times are 9:00 am to 11:00 am for last names A-L and 11:00 am to 1:00 pm for last names M-Z. The specific address for pick-up will be included in your sale receipt.
Please email us at badgerstatedahlias@gmail.com if you have any questions about the sale.
Rotary Garden’s Presentation: Yes, You Can Grow Rhododendrons in Wisconsin
Saturday, April 27, 12:00-1:30
Rotary Botanical Gardens, 1455 Palmer Dr., Janesville, WI
With the easy availability of rhododendrons at garden centers and big box stores, it is important to follow the steps necessary to not only grow rhododendrons, but to see them thrive in Wisconsin gardens.
Tom Horner will offer information gathered from over 50 years of experience with growing rhododendrons in his Racine Co. garden.
The presentation will include photos to inspire, a list of reliably hardy varieties, a handout for those wishing to follow up with further information and time for Q & A.
Cost: $10 for RBG members, or $15 for non-members.
To register, please call 608.752.3885 or sign up @ rotarybotanicalgardens.org/event/grow-rhododendrons-wisconsin/ by April 17.
Rotary Botanical Gardens
1455 Palmer Dr., Janesville, WI
608/752-3885 or www.rotarybotanicalgardens.org/
Early Signs of Spring @ the Arboretum
Saturday, April 27, 1:00 pm – 3:00 pm
Garden Tour
As trees begin to leaf out, Dutchman’s breeches, twinleaf and rue-anemones might be blooming in the woodland gardens, and prairie-smoke in the prairie gardens. Susan Carpenter, garden curator, will lead this tour of the Native Plant Garden. Free, no registration required. Meet at the Visitor Center.
University of WI Arboretum
1207 Seminole Hwy.
Madison, WI 53711
608/263-7888 or arboretum.wisc.edu
Scenic Stroll @ the Arboretum
Sunday, April 28, 1:00 pm – 2:00 pm
This gently paced walk explores ecological communities near the Visitor Center. Themes may include the land, plants, animals, other organisms, phenology, and ecology. Wear sturdy closed-toe shoes and come prepared for weather. Routes are wheelchair accessible when weather allows. Walks canceled for unsafe weather or route conditions. Free, no registration required. Meet at the Visitor Center.
University of WI Arboretum
1207 Seminole Hwy.
Madison, WI 53711
608/263-7888 or arboretum.wisc.edu
Willy Street Co-op North Foragers Walk: Wild Food/Wild Medicine
Tuesday, April 30, 5:00-7:00 pm
Join herbalist and forager Linda Conroy to explore the wild plants that grow around us. We will learn about common and uncommon wild plants that can be used for food and medicine. Identification techniques, as well as ways to prepare plants for optimal nutrition and healing will be discussed. Dress appropriately for the weather and wear comfortable walking shoes. Interactive walk. Meet in the outdoor seating area at Willy North.
Fee: $22 for Owners; $32 for non-owners. Register @ docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScafhPPJSiPubk0hhoIWGqs3LfqnqmrgRMxmew7bT59Tae2hA/viewform
Willy Street Co-op North
2817 N. Sherman Ave (in the Northside Town Center Mall)
Madison, WI, 53704
(608) 471-4422 or www.willystreet.coop/
Rotary Garden’s Spring Plant Sale
Friday, May 3, 9:00-5:00
Saturday, May 4, 9:00-5:00
Sunday, May 5, 9:00-12:00
Shop a wide variety of beautiful plants. We have many veggies including an outstanding and unusual varieties of tomatoes & peppers, as well as herbs, perennials and woody plants, bagged mushroom compost, obelisks plus more!
Members save 10% off! Sign up during the sale and receive immediate savings! Proceeds from the plant sale support the mission of the Garden.
Rotary Botanical Gardens
1455 Palmer Drive, Janesville, WI
608/752-3885 or www.rotarygardens.org
Dane County Late Winter Farmer’s Market
Saturdays, January 6 thru April 6, 8:00-noon
The Garver Feed Mill behind Olbrich Botanical Gardens
3241 Garver Green (access off Fair Oaks Ave.)
The Late Winter Market runs each Saturday from January 6th until the beginning of the outdoor season. Get your market fix all year long. You will still find many of your favorite Dane County Farmers’ Market members, as well as a full array of fruits and vegetables, cheeses, hyper-local meats, honey, bakery items, and many specialty items.
For details visit www.dcfm.org
Dane County Farmer’s Market
Saturdays, April 13 thru November 9, 6:15-1:45
On the Capitol Square
Wednesdays, April 24 thru November 6, 8:30-1:45
In the 200 block of Martin Luther King, Jr. Blvd.
For details visit www.dcfm.org
APRIL IN THE GARDEN–A checklist of things to do this month.
___Continue bringing out your cooled forced bulbs for indoor enjoyment.
___Early in the month, pot up cannas and dahlias for early growth.
___Begin removing, cleaning and storing winter bird feeders.
___Begin your summer bird feeding regimen.
___Keep birdbaths full and clean.
___Repair and put out birdhouses. Put out nesting material like pet hair & fibers.
___Seed starting is in full swing and even winding down by the end of April.
___Sterilize seed starting equipment and pots with a 1:16 bleach solution.
___Shop for summer bulbs like gladiolas, lilies and dahlias.
___Prune late summer and fall blooming shrubs.
___Do not prune spring blooming shrubs like lilacs, forsythia or viburnum.
___Continue bringing in branches for forcing: pussy willow, forsythia, quince, etc.
___Increase fertilizer to full strength by month’s end (houseplants).
___Ready the lawn mower if you haven’t done so already.
___Start weeding your beds. It’s easier while weeds are small & the soil moist.
___Remove all winter mulch from beds.
___Remove the soil mound from around roses and mums.
___Lay soaker hoses in beds. It’s easy now without plants in the way.
___Cut back all remaining perennials and ornamental grasses left from fall.
___Begin sowing seeds of larkspur, poppies and hardy annuals in the garden.
___Plant pansies, violas and calendula into the garden and containers.
___Harden off your seedlings and wintered over potted geraniums.
___Repair lawns by sowing grass seed. Rake the lawn.
___Move cole crop transplants to the garden; broccoli, kohlrabi, cabbage, etc.
___Plant onion sets and early spring crops like lettuce, spinach, carrots, beets
___Begin planting perennials. Plant shrubs and trees.
___Visit Klein’s—the showrooms are filled with spring annuals.
Some of our very favorite seed and plant sources include:
For seeds:
Baker Creek Heirloom Seeds @ www.rareseeds.com or 417/924-8887
Burpee @ www.burpee.com or 800/888-1447
Harris Seeds @ www.harrisseeds.com or 800/514-4441
Johnny’s Select Seeds @ www.johnnyseeds.com or 207/861-3901
Jung’s Seeds @ www.jungseed.com or 800/247-5864
Park’s Seeds @ www.parkseed.com or 800/845-3369
Pinetree @ www.superseeds.com or 207/926-3400
Seeds of Change @ www.seedsofchange.com or 888/762-7333
Seed Savers @ www.seedsavers.org or 563/382-5990
Select Seeds @ www.selectseeds.com or 800/684-0395
Territorial Seeds @ www.territorialseed.com or 888/657-3131
For bulbs:
Brent & Becky’s Bulbs @ www.brentandbeckysbulbs.com or 877/661-2852
Colorblends @ www.colorblends.com or 888/847-8637
John Scheeper’s @ www.johnscheepers.com or 860/567-0838
McClure & Zimmerman @ www.mzbulb.com or 800/883-6998
For plants:
High Country Gardens @ www.highcountrygardens.com or 800/925-9387
Logee’s Greenhouses @ www.logees.com or 888/330-8038
Plant Delights Nursery @ www.plantdelights.com or 912/772-4794
Roots and Rhizomes @ www.rootsrhizomes.com or 800/374-5035
Wayside Gardens @ www.waysidegardens.com or 800/213-0379
White Flower Farm @ www.whiteflowerfarm.com or 800/503-9624
A Seed Starting Primer from Select Seeds:
What You Need to Start for Indoor Sowing
Media: Soil-less seed germinating mix is formulated with finely milled sphagnum peat, vermiculite or perlite, free of weeds or pathogens. If the mixture is dry, add some warm water and mix in; let it sit for a few hours to absorb the moisture. The mix should be fine textured and lightly moist.
Container: Clean pots are essential, so be sure to wash any reused plastic pots in soapy water that has a splash of bleach in it. Good drainage is essential! Shallow pots with holes in the bottom, such as the common 6-pack, are ideal. When filling, do not pack the growing medium into the pot, as this will decrease space for air, water, and root growth. Instead, tap the sides or bottom of the container to get the mixture to settle. Leave about 1/2″ of space to the top of the container.
Bright Artificial Light: A fixture outfitted with led lights or even two cool fluorescent bulbs is bright enough for growing good stocky seedlings.
How to Sow Your Seeds Indoors
When to Sow: Find your last spring frost date with this easy zip code frost date lookup. Count backwards from that date to find the best sow times for the seeds, organizing them in groups by sow date. Most annual flower seeds need 6-8 weeks, while some need 9-12 weeks indoors.
Spacing: Generally, space the seeds about four seed-widths apart from each other. Tiny seeds: 4–6 seeds per cell in a 6-pack container. Medium to Large seeds: 2–3 seeds per cell in a 6-pack or 4-pack.
Depth: Check each packet for sowing depth. Some seeds may need direct light or darkness to germinate. Seeds that require light to germinate will be indicated on packet as “Surface sow.” This means they should not be covered, just pressed lightly into the media and sprinkled with a dusting of fine vermiculite. A few varieties require darkness and should be covered by a sheet of black construction paper until germination.
Cold Stratification: Some varieties may need a period of cold temperatures to break dormancy. Sow in moistened flats with covers or place the seeds between moistened paper towels in sealed plastic bags and refrigerate. If stratifying indoors, do not allow the seeds to dry out or freeze. Follow the packet instructions for temperature and duration. More info on outdoor winter sowing coming soon!
Water: Water in with a gentle spray or mist and create a humid environment by covering flats with a clear lid or dome.
Temperature: A room temperature of 65–75°F is suitable for most varieties. Check the individual packet for temperature needs. Heat mats with a thermostat can raise the temperature of the soil to the desired level in a colder room.
Growing Healthy Seedlings
Remove the Dome: Seedlings need air circulation to stay healthy.
Temperature: For most varieties, lower the daytime temperatures by 10°F to 55–65°F. Check the packet for specific temperature information.
Place Under Bright Light: After your seeds germinate, keep them very close to the lights (about 2–4″ away) keeping the lights on for 16–18 hours a day. Close attention to watering is needed to be sure that seedlings do not dry out.
Water: Water from the bottom to promote deep rooting and prevent the sudden collapse of your seedlings, called damping off, which is associated with surface dampness. Place containers in a tray of water and allow the medium to soak up moisture; as soon as the top has darkened a bit, remove from the water and allow
excess water to drain. Overhead watering is better tolerated as seedlings grow larger.
Fertilizer: Use half strength fertilizer or organic formulations for seedlings every two weeks as over fertilization can cause weak, leggy plants.
Thin Crowded Seedlings: Thickly sown seeds will need thinning with tweezers as soon as they come up. Leave 2–4 plants per cell, depending on seedling size.
Time to Transplant
Potting Up: Wait until seedlings have at least two true leaves. Transplant to slightly larger, individual containers. Handle seedlings carefully, gently pulling by leaves not stems. Potting up to a container that is too big will result in the excess growing media retaining too much moisture, leading to root rot.
Hardening Off: Once your seedlings have filled in their roomier quarters with a healthy root system, it is time to get ready to plant outdoors. Begin hardening seedlings off on a partly to mostly cloudy day by exposing them to outdoor conditions including sunlight, cooler/warmer temperatures, and wind, for a couple of hours at a time over the course of several days, gradually working up to all day and overnight
Planting Out: Transplant into well-prepared, raked soil on a cloudy day—misty weather is ideal. Firm in lightly and water immediately.
Visit Select Seeds website @ www.selectseeds.com to see their online catalog or to order their free print catalog.
BEHIND THE SCENES AT KLEIN’S—This is a sneak peek of what is going on each month behind the scenes in our greenhouses. Many people are unaware that our facility operates year round or that we have 10 more greenhouses on the property in addition to the 6 open for retail. At any given moment we already have a jump on the upcoming season–be it poinsettias in July, geraniums in December or fall mums in May.
IN APRIL:
—Transplanting is in full swing on the transplanting line in our back greenhouses.
Employees work 8-10 hour shifts planting thousands of plugs and tiny seedlings into the cell packs you purchase in the spring. Once planted, the flats move by conveyor and then monorail into the various greenhouses, all kept at different temperatures depending on the plant.
—The greenhouses and showrooms are filling fast with thousands of hanging
and potted plants. We’re constantly moving product around, trying to make the best use of our limited space.
—Retail items are arriving nonstop for unpacking and pricing, everything from
garden ornaments and pottery to pesticides and fertilizers.
—In most years, employees are readying the thousands of lilies, hydrangeas, azaleas, mums and spring bulbs that we deliver to the many area churches each Easter. We look forward to this time when the greenhouses are emptied to make room for our spring crops.
—Product is moved from the warmth of the greenhouses to the outdoors for the hardening off process. Plants are pinched back and moved outside so they can be acclimated for spring planting in your garden. Plants that have not been properly acclimated can find the transition to full sun and temperature extremes quite difficult. You’ve probably noticed that many garden centers do not harden off their plants properly. Symptoms include leaf burn and root rot.
—We’re readying the showrooms for the spring onslaught. Tables become fully stocked. Spring info and price signs are put into place. The last week of April is an amazing time to visit Klein’s. The showrooms are jam-packed, bursting with color, awaiting the spring rush which usually begins about May 1.
PERMANENT FEATURES–
KLEIN’S MONTHLY NEWSLETTER
Have our monthly newsletter e-mailed to you automatically by signing up on the top of our home page @ kleinsfloral.com . We’ll offer monthly tips, greenhouse news and tidbits, specials and recipes. . .everything you need to know from your favorite Madison greenhouse. And tell your friends. It’s easy to do.
THE MAD GARDENER–“Madison’s Firsthand Source for Expert Gardening Advice”
Ask us your gardening questions by e-mailing us at madgardener@kleinsfloral.com. Klein’s in-house Mad Gardener will e-mail you with an answer as promptly as we can. The link is posted on our home page and in all newsletters.
We can only answer those questions pertaining to gardening in Southern Wisconsin and we reserve the right to leave correspondence unanswered at our discretion. Please allow 2-3 days for a response.
KLEIN’S ‘HOUSEPLANT HELP’
You can contact Klein’s in-house indoor plant experts by emailing to houseplanthelp@kleinsfloral.com for sound information and advice regarding indoor tropicals, succulents, blooming plants and so much more.
For many years, customers’ indoor plant questions have been directed to Klein’s Mad Gardener. Now you have the opportunity to contact our indoor plant experts directly. We’ve posted a link on our home page and in our contacts for your convenience. Your question might then appear in the “You Asked” feature of our monthly newsletter. If your question is the one selected for our monthly newsletter, you’ll receive a small gift from us at Klein’s.
We reserve the right to leave correspondence unanswered at our discretion. Please allow 2-3 days for a response.
TO WRITE A REVIEW OF KLEIN’S, PLEASE LINK TO
FACEBOOK
Follow Klein’s on Facebook where we post updates and photos on a regular basis.
TWITTER
Join Klein’s on Twitter where we post company updates and photos on a regular basis.
SENIOR CITIZEN DISCOUNT
We offer a 5% Off Senior Citizen Discount every Tuesday to those 62 and above. This discount is not in addition to other discounts or sales. Please mention that you are a senior before we ring up your purchases. Does not apply to wire out orders or services, i.e. delivery, potting, etc.
DELIVERY INFO
Klein’s Floral and Greenhouses delivers daily, except Sundays, throughout all of Madison and much of Dane County including: Cottage Grove, Deerfield, DeForest, Fitchburg, Maple Bluff, Marshall, McFarland, Middleton, Monona, Oregon, Shorewood Hills, Sun Prairie, Verona, Waunakee and Windsor. We do not deliver to Cambridge, Columbus or Stoughton.
Current delivery rate on 1-4 items is $9.95 for Madison, Maple Bluff, Monona and Shorewood Hills; $10.95 for Cottage Grove, DeForest, Fitchburg, McFarland, Sun Prairie, Waunakee and Windsor; and $11.95 for Marshall, Middleton, Oregon and Verona. An additional $5.00 will be added for deliveries of 4-10 items and $7.00 added for deliveries of more than 10 items. For deliveries requiring more than one trip, a separate delivery charge will be added for each trip.
A minimum order of $25.00 is required for delivery.
We not only deliver our fabulous fresh flowers, but also houseplants, bedding plants and hardgoods. There may be an extra charge for very large or bulky items.
Delivery to the Madison hospitals is $7.95. Deliveries to the four Madison hospitals are made during the early afternoon. Items are delivered to the hospital’s volunteer rooms and not directly to the patients’ rooms per hospital rules.
There is no delivery charge for funerals in the city of Madison or Monona, although normal rates apply for morning funeral deliveries to Madison’s west side (west of Park St.). Our normal rates also apply for funeral deliveries in the surrounding communities at all times. Although we don’t deliver on Sundays, we will deliver funeral items on Sundays at the regular delivery rate.
Morning delivery is guaranteed to the following Madison zip codes, but only if requested: 53703, 53704, 53714, 53716, 53718 and Cottage Grove, Deerfield, DeForest, Maple Bluff, Marshall, McFarland, Monona, Sun Prairie, Waunakee and Windsor.
We begin our delivery day at 8:00 a.m. and end at approximately 3:00 p.m. We do not usually deliver after 4:00 unless specific exceptions are made with our drivers.
Except for holidays, the following west-side zip codes and communities are delivered only during the afternoon: 53705, 53706, 53711, 53713, 53717, 53719, 53726, Fitchburg, Middleton, Oregon, Shorewood Hills and Verona.
During holidays (Christmas, Valentine’s Day, Mother’s Day, etc.) we are able to make morning deliveries to all of the above areas. We are not able to take closely timed deliveries on any holiday due to the sheer volume of such requests.
It’s best to give us a range of time and we’ll try our absolute hardest. Orders for same day delivery must be placed by 12:30 p.m. or by 2:30 p.m. for Madison zip codes 53704 and 53714.
DEPARTMENT HEADS: Please refer all questions, concerns or feedback in the following departments to their appropriate supervisor. Phone: 608/244-5661.
Horticulturalist & General Manager–Jamie VandenWymelenberg jamie@kleinsfloral.com
Floral Manager—Sarah Somson floral@kleinsfloral.com
Houseplant Buyer, Newsletter Coordinator—Rick Halbach rick@kleinsfloral.com
Purchasing—Megan Johnson megan@kleinsfloral.com
Owner, Floral Designer & Purchasing—Sue Klein sue@kleinsfloral.com
RELATED RESOURCES AND WEB SITES
University of Wisconsin Extension
1 Fen Oak Ct. #138
Madison, WI 53718
608/224-3700
Plant Disease Diagnostics Clinic
Dept. of Plant Pathology
1630 Linden Dr.
Madison, WI 53706
Insect Diagnostic Lab
240 Russell Labs
1630 Linden Dr.
Madison, WI 53706
U.W. Soil and Plant Analysis Lab
8452 Mineral Point Rd.
Verona, WI 53593
608/262-4364
American Horticultural Society
Garden Catalogs (an extensive list with links)
Invasive Species
Community Groundworks
3601 Memorial Dr., Ste. 4
Madison, WI 53704
608/240-0409
Madison Area Master Gardeners (MAMGA)
Wisconsin Master Gardeners Program
Department of Horticulture
1575 Linden Drive
University of Wisconsin – Madison
Madison, WI 53706
608/265-4504
The Wisconsin Gardener
Allen Centennial Gardens
620 Babcock Dr.
Madison, WI 53706
608/262-8406
Olbrich Botanical Gardens
3330 Atwood Ave.
Madison, WI 53704
608/246-4550
Rotary Gardens
1455 Palmer Dr.
Janesville, WI 53545
608/752-3885
University of WI Arboretum
1207 Seminole Hwy.
Madison, WI 53711
608/263-7888
University of Wisconsin-West Madison
Agricultural Research Center
8502 Mineral Point Rd.
Verona, WI 53593
608/262-2257
PLANTS POISONOUS TO CHILDREN:
Children may find the bright colors and different textures of plants irresistible, but some plants can be poisonous if touched or eaten. If you’re in doubt about whether or not a plant is poisonous, don’t keep it in your home. The risk is not worth it. The following list is not comprehensive, so be sure to seek out safety information on the plants in your home to be safe.
•Bird of paradise
•Bull nettle
•Castor bean
•Chinaberry tree
•Crocus
•Daffodil
•Deadly nightshade
•Dieffenbachia (dumb cane)
•Foxglove
•Glory lily
•Hemlock
•Holly berry
•Indian tobacco
•Iris
•Jimsonweed
•Lantana
•Larkspur
•Lily of the valley
•Marijuana
•Mescal bean
•Mexicantes
•Mistletoe
•Morning glory
•Mountain laurel
•Night-blooming jasmine
•Nutmeg
•Oleander
•Philodendron
•Poison ivy
•Poison sumac
•Pokeweed
•Poppy
•Potato
•Privet
•Rhododendron
•Rhubarb
•Water hemlock
•Wisteria
PLANTS POISONOUS TO PETS:
Below is a list of some of the common plants which may produce a toxic reaction in animals. This list is intended only as a guide to plants which are generally identified as having the capability for producing a toxic reaction. Source: The National Humane Society website @ http://www.humanesociety.org/
•Aconite
•Apple
•Arrowgrasses
•Autumn Crocus
•Azaleas
•Baneberry
•Bird-of-Paradise
•Black locust
•Bloodroot
•Box
•Buckeye
•Buttercup
•Caladium
•Carolina jessamine
•Castor bean
•Chinaberry tree
•Chockcherries
•Christmas berry
•Christmas Rose
•Common privet
•Corn cockle
•Cowbane
•Cow cockle
•Cowsliprb
•Daffodil
•Daphne
•Day lily
•Delphinium (Larkspur)
•Dumbcane
•Dutchman’s breeches
•Easter lily
•Elderberry
•Elephant’s ear
•English Ivy
•European Bittersweet
•Field peppergrass
•Foxglove
•Holly
•Horsechestnut
•Horse nettle
•Hyacinth
•Iris
•Jack-in-the-pulpit
•Jerusalem Cherry
•Jimsonweed
•Lantana
•Larkspur
•Laurels
•Lily of the valley
•Lupines
•Mayapple
•Milk vetch
•Mistletoe
•Monkshood
•Morning glory
•Mustards
•Narcissus
•Nicotiana
•Nightshade
•Oaks
•Oleander
•Philodendrons
•Pokeweed
•Poinsettia
•Poison hemlock
•Potato
•Rhododendron
•Rhubarb
•Rosary pea
•Sago palm
•Skunk cabbage
•Smartweeds
•Snow-on-the-mountain
•Sorghum
•Star of Bethlehem
•Wild black cherry
•Wild radish
•Wisteria
•Yellow jessamine
•Yew